Italy
Joined Axis. After Benio Musalinni was assasinated they joined the allies, but were not completely free because Germany still had power over parts of Italy. Musalinni not very powerful; Hitler was conquering big countries while Musalinni went after small, powerless countries. WWII impacted Italy: Lost land, Musalinni killed, etc. After WWII Italy became an ally of the U.S. during the Cold War. US paid for alot of Italy's damages, trying to prevent Soviets from gaining power and turning them into communists.
Soviet Union/Russia
Treaty of V. made them lose little land to Poland, but it overall didn't affect them much. However they lost quite a bit of land after WWI. They wanted to hold off German advances, build back up economy with 5 year plan, get back land and secure borders. Romenoff family dominated Russia forever. Czar Nicolas was the last Romenoff, when he came out of power Comunists took over. Lenin took over, later to be replaced by Stalin. Stalin took over and created modern communism. Stalin ended up killing more people than Hitler in his persuit to take over the country. Military Strategy: Russians move up to German borders but get pushed back, burning everything as they went (scorched earth thing) to not leave any rations or factories behind for the Germans. Later their strategy was to stay alive. Also they were shot if they retreated. At first had a non-aggression pact with Germany and invaded Poland with them, however Germany invaded Russia and then Russia joined the allies. Impct of WWII: they lost alot of people, Stalin remained in power, basically destroyed the country, but somehow became a world superpower.
5 Year Plans:
Collectivization - Process of taking over farms of Russia. Makes farmers work in factories and for the government. Farmers hated this and fought back; many died.
Nationalization - Soviet government took over businesses, factories, industries.
Japan
Treaty of V. gave Japan land from German islands, some China land etc. Government was a constitutional monarchy headed by Emperor Hirohito. Military leader was Hideki Tojo, who had more power then the Emperor.
Washington Naval Conference, Japan US, Great Britain, China and France agreed to respect each others land. Promote open door trade in China and china rights and they would also limit their naval power.
In the 20's Japan was very peaceful. Hirohito came to power after Grandfather died. Tojo came to power due to military takeover. Didn't become dictator of Japan until around the bombing of Pearl Harbor. He wanted to attack US instead of talking with them.
Impact on WWII: Invaded China, bombed Pearl Harbor. Wanted to keep us out of the war by attacking Pearl Harbor. Destroy pearl harbor, get rid of pacific fleet, we would stay isolated and trade again. Obviously didn't work.
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