*Appeasement Policy- A diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to an aggressor
- Great Britian and France used this policy throughout the 1930's
- Helped give Japan, Italy, and Germany confidence that they would face no consequences for their actions
- Considered to be a huge mistake by historians
*Panay Incident 1937
- U.S. continues trading
- We were concerned about the property and the people there.
- It was attacked by two Japenese airplanes
- Japanese apologized about killing two Americans on the boat
- We started moving apart after this incident
*Anschluss with Austria 1938
- Anschluss in German means Union
- Hitler faced no consequences
- Didn't do anything to prevent it, so they accepted it
*Sudetenland/Munich Conference 1938
- Area on the western border of Czechoslovakia
- He wanted to unite German speeching peoples
*Munich Conference
- Heville Chamberlain-Great Britian
- Adolf Hitler-Germany
- Benito Mussilino-Italy
- Edouard Daladier-France
*Munich Pact -Appeasement
- Germany was given the Sudentenland of Czechoslovakia
- Czechoslovakia had the option to accept Pact or deal with Germany itself
- Czechoslovakia lost its defensible borders and fortifications
- Czechoslovakia also lost 70% of its iron/steel, 70% of its electrical power and 3.5 million citizens to Germany as a result of the settlement
*Munich Conference Chamberlain, "Peace for our time"
*Hiltler takes the rest of Czechoslovaskia on March 1939
*British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain started taking Nazi Germany and Hitler much more seriously after this
*Winston Churchilll had warned about this happening (Hitler taking the rest of Czechoslovakia)
*Great Britain and France started mobilizing for war
*Nazi Soviet Non-aggression Pact 1939
- German ambassador von Ribbentrop and Soviet dictator Stalin laugh as Molotov signs the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact on August 23, 1939
*Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
- Secretly afreed to invade and split Poland. Germany would get the western half and USSR the eastern half
- Russia would get Finland, Estonia, and Lastivia and Germany would get Lithuania
*How did people react to this Pact?
- Shock
- Poland was in a very tough spot
- Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
*Blitzkrieg-Lightening War
- Goal was to achieve victory as quickly as possible (Germans)
- Most countries now focused on defensive tatics
- They started to think they were unbeatable
- Its all about confusing and terrorizing the enemy
- Take out transportation and communication.
- Infantry attacks enemy flanks in order to link up with other groups to complete the attack and eventually encirlce the enemy and or capture strategic position
- Encircle and trap the enemy
- Hitler was able to tour Poland
*Sitzkrieg-The Phony War
- Nothing was happening during the war
- Mobilizing for war, during the winter
*Tripartite Pact is signed Axis Powers
- Main Powers-Germany, Italy, and Japan,
- Other Powers- Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania
- Allied Powers- Great Britain, Soviet Union, United States, China, France, Australia and Canada
- Latin America
*German Invasion of Denmark and Norway April 1940
*Maginot Line
- Maginot line=visual visit-thionville fortification system
- Was a line of concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, artillery casemates, machine gun posts, and other defenses
- France constructed this along its borders with Germany and Italy after what happened to them in WW2
- Built from 1930-1940
*Miracle of Dunkirk
*German Advances until the Armistice Battle of France June 4-22 1940
*Vichy Government
- Led by Marshal Henri Petain
- Nazi lap-dog
*Free French Underground
- Led by Charles de Gaulle
- Charles was the president of France
- France was an Alli power
*Europe prior to the Battle of Britain July 1940
*Nazi Goals
- Destroy the Royal Air Force (before invasion was possible-hopefully by 9-15)
- Attack and destroy the British Navy
- Attack British troops
- After gaining air superiority, the invasion of Great Britain would be begin if Great Britain had not already surrendered
- Germany never succeeded in achieving #1
- German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they started bombing at night only randomly attacking cities
- Great Britain was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra
*Operation Sea Lion= Never Happened
*Winston Churchill
*Luftwaffe
- Messerschmitt Bf 109
- People that were bombing for Germany
*Bases for Destroyers September 1940
- Great Britain gives us 99 year leases on the following bases
- Antigua, British Guiana, Jamaica, St Lucia, Bermuda, Newfoundland, Trinidad
*FDR signs the Lend-Lease Act
- We would lend them a ship and they give it back after the war
- If the ship was lost then just give us the one of there ships
Comments