Today we continued on through the WWII presentations.
The Rape of Nanking- 1937- The city was destroyed through bombing. Thousands of civilians were killed by Japan soldiers. Also, many were gang-raped by Japan soldiers.
Quarantine Speech- 1937- Was a famous speech given by FDR- New Deal policies began to foreclose and started pushing his focus on what was happening over seas. (Europe and Asia) --start isolating Germany, Japan, and Italy.
Appeasement Policy- "A diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to an agressor."
Appeasement- try to satisfy or please someone to avoid conflict.
In 1937- Panay Incident- The first step to try push the Americas and Japan apart.
Anschluss with Austria- 1938- Anschluss is union in Germany. Germany is uniting with Austria.
Sudetenland/Munich Conference- 1938- Hitler wanted this piece of land in Czechslovakia.
"to reunite german speaking peoples"
Munich Conference: Great Britain, Germany, Italy, France.
Munich Pact- Appeasment- Germany was given Sudentenland of Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovakia had the option to accept Pact or deal with Germany itself. -- Lost iron/steel and its electrical power. Lost all of their defense system. --Lost 3.5 million to Germany.
1939- Hitler breaks his promise and takes the rest of Czechoslovakia.
British Prime minister, Winston Churchill believes to start taking Hitler more seriously.
-He had warned about this happening (Hitler taking the rest of Czechoslovakia.
Great Britain and France started mobilizing for the war.
Nazi-Soviet Non-agression Pact- 1939- Signed between Stalin and Hitler- Agreed to not fight.
-Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons.
-Both agreed to stay nuetral if the other entered the war.
-Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany-Western, Russia-Eastern
-Russia would get Finland, Estonia, and Lativa.
^^paved the way to the war.
^^^People also acted very SHOCKED to this Pact. - Hitler believed that Great Britain and France now wouldn't declare war to them, and back down.
Invasion of Poland- Germany got control-- Defeated Poland.
Blitzkrieg-Lightning War
Goal: was to achieve victory as quickly as possible.
^^See US history page for more notes:
Slitzkreig-The Phony War-
Axis Powers.: Italy, Germany and Japan.
Allied Powers: Great Britain, Soviet Union, United States, China, France, Australia and Canada.
German Invasion of Denmark and Norway-April, 1940- Water was a hassle. -Germany had a big victory.
French and German plans for the Battle of France 1940- Took over France in a month, and didn't have to worry about the Soviet Union.
Maginot Line- Was a line of concrete fortifications, tank, obstacles, artillery casemates, machine gun posts, and other defenses. Built from 1930-1940. -Constructed this along its border with Germany and Italy after what happened to them in WWI.
Battle of France-
Mircale of Dunkirk- 100,000 of soldiers were saved by ships.
German Advances until the Armistice Battle of France-
Vichy Government- Led by Marshal Henri Petain- Working with Hitler; Same Hitler views.
Free French Underground- Led by Charles de Gualle- Based in London (Great Britain)- Free France from German control.
In 1940, Many European countries were taken control of. -One country still standing- Great Britain.
Battle of Britain- Invade Great Britain and take it over. -Hitler respects them, he tried at first just to allow them to surrender. -He bombed them, day and night.
Nazi Goals:
1) Destroy the Royal Air force- Air superiory.
2) Attack and destroy the British Navy.
3) Attack British Soliders.
4) After gaining air superiority, the invasion of Great Britain would begin if G.B. had not already surrendered.
^^^Germany never succeeded in #1.
-German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they started bombing at night-only attacking cities.
-Great Britain was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra-having the German "playbooks"
Luftwaffe-Herman Goering
Bases for Destroyers- Great Britain need destroyers so we gave them ships, and they gave us naval bases.
1940 Election- FDR and Wendell Wilkie- FDR won.
Lend-Lease Act-We would lend items and resources, and expecting to get them back after the war or if things got destroyed, get those items repaid somehow.
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