- China was to Japan as the Soviet Union was to Germany: China and Soviet Union both had resources, Japan and Germany both bit off more than they could chew.
Rape of Nanking 1937
- Many civilians killed by Japanese in China, many women and children raped
Quarantine Speech 1937
- By FDR
- Germnay, Japan, and Italy need to be isolated
Appeasement Policy
- A diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to an aggressor
- GB and France used this throughout 1930's
- Gave Japan, Italy, and Germany confidence
Panay Incident 1937
- First incident between Japan and USA
- Japan sinks USA ship thinking it was Chinese
Anschluss with Austria 1938
- "Union" between Germany and Italy
Munich Conference
- Neville Chamberlain-Great Britain
- Adolf Hitler-Germany
- Benito Mussolini-Italy
- Edward Daladier-France
Hitler takes over Czechoslovakia in March 1939
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain starts taking over Nazi Germany and Hitler more seriously
Winston Churchill had warned about this happening (Hitler taking the rest of Czechoslovakia)
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact 1939
- Late August 1939
- Russia gave raw materials to Gemany in exchange for money and weapons
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
- Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland (Germany get western half, USSR eastern half)
- Russia would get Finland, Estonia, and Latvia
- Germany would get Lithuania
Blitzkrieg (Lightning War)
- Airforce attacks enemy frontline
- Tanks and troops invade from Germany
- Infantry attacks enemy flanks
- Mechanized groups do deep into enemy territory
- Main force links up with other units
- Goal: achieve victory as soon as possible
Sitzkrieg (The Phony War)
Allied Powers
- Great Britain, Soviet Union, USA, China, France , Canada, Australia (main powers)
- Many Latin America countries
- Some European countries
Germany Invasion of Denmark and Norway-April 1940
Maginot Line
- A line of concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, artillery casemates, machine gun posts, other defenses
- France constructed this along its borders with Germany and Italy after what happened in WWI
- Built from 1930-1940
- Failed when surrounded by Germans
Vichy Government
- Led by Marshal Henri Petain
Free French Underground
- Led by Charles de Gualle
- Goal was to Free France
Battle of Britain-started July 1940
Nazi Goals
- Destroy the Royal Air Force
- Attack and destroy British Navy
- Attach British troops
- Invasion if GB hadn't surrendered
- Germany never succeeded at #1
- GB was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra (code name for intercepting and deciphering enemy codes)
Luftwaffe- German Air Force
Bases for Destroyers- September 1940
- Great Britain gave us 99 year leases
- USA gives GB old destroyers
1940 Election
- FDR defeats Wendell Wilkie
FDR signs Lend-Lease Act
- USA would lend/lease supplies to China, France, GB as long as they were returned after the war
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