BPA- Bonneville Power Administration- turbines that created electricity
NIRA- National Industry Recovery Act- granted trade and union rights and permitted working standards
USHA- United States Housing Authority- centers for homeless/poor people, had to be qualified to get the home
PWA- Public Works Association- got people jobs, worked on construction sites, built roads, dams, schools, hospitals
CCC- Civilian Conservation Corps- helped create jobs for single young men, build roads, waterways, planted trees
CWA- Civil Works Association- created all kinds of jobs for men and women, got shut down shortly after because it was expensive.
REA- Rural Electrification Administration, bring electricity to farms and rural areas 1935
FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation- guaranteed deposits up to a quarter of a million dollars in insured banks 1933
NLRB- National Leaders Relations Board- it was made to control riots, prosecuted people in the riots
FHA- Federal Housing Act- 1934, regulate the rate of interest, made it cheaper to buy houses
FLSA- Fair Labor Standards Act- establish minimum wage, time and a half, set up an age limit to work
TVA- Tennessee Valley Authority- 1933, built a dam to power towns, Tennessee River,
FERA- Federal Emergency Relief Administration- 1933-1935 get rid of unemployment, get unskilled workers to do physical labor
SSA- Social Security Act- 1935 money for elderly, disabled
NRA- National Recovery Association- giving people jobs, enforce NIRA, 1933
AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act- protected farmers from price drops, 1933, controlled the supply of crops, paid farmers to destroy some of their crops.
HOLC- Home Owner’s Loan Corporation- 1933, stabilize the real estate, refinance homes, ended in 1951 (another one started in the 70’s)
SCS- Soil Conservation Service- control floods, made to conserve soil, government gave land so people could grow grass, trees, etc.
HOCH’S POWERPOINT
NEW DEAL
RFC- Reconstruction Finance Corporation- 1932,
- gave loans to banks,
- state and local governments and business to create projects/jobs for people
- gave states loans for emergency relief needs
- started under Hoover
- Not very successful
- dissolved in 1946 after WWII
CCC- Civilian Conservation Corps-1933
- worked 40 hours a week
- $30 a month $25 to family
- lived in camps
- wore uniforms
- lived under discipline
- 18-25
- US army operated the camps
- planted trees, fought forest fires, stopped soil erosion
- helped construct military bases during WWII
- funding stopped in 1942
- Slogan- We can take it
FERA- Federal Emergency Relief Act
- 1933
- create administration
- distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to unemployed
- helped find jobs
PWA- Public WOrks Administration
- 1933
- created many jobs
- more than 34,000 projects- airports, dams, aircraft, carriers, bridges
- 70% of schools
- 33% hospitals
CWA- Civil Works Adm
- 1933
- create jobs for million of the unemployed
- created construction jobs, mainly improving or constructing buildings and bridges
- in one year, it cost government 800,000,000 and was cancelled
WPA- Works Progress Adm
- 1935
- largest and most comprehensive New Deal Agency
- the WPA was a make work program that provided jobs and income to the unemployed during the Great Depression
- WPA projects primarily employed unskilled workers in construction projects across the nation
- the WPA built 650,000 miles of roads, 78,000 bridges, 125,000 buildings, and 7,000 miles of airport runways
- created Camp David
NYA- National Youth Adm
- 1935
- part of the WPA
- pushed by Eleanor Roosevelt
- served 327,000 high school and college youth, who were paid $6 to $40 a month for “work study” projects at their schools
- it allowed thousands of young people to stay in school
- unlike CCC, it included women
EBRA- Emergency Banking Relief Act
- passed five days after taking office
- March 1933
- passed in response to the thousands of banks that closed down
- passed four days after FDR announced the Bank Holiday, which closed banks down temporarily
- The EBRA would close down the bank, reorganize it and then reopen the bank when it was stable
FSA- Federal Securities Act
- 1933
- made the stock market a safer place for people to invest their money
- 1. required that investors receive significant info regarding securities being offered for public sale
- 2. prohibited deceit, misrepresentation and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public
FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
- 1933
- Insured people’s money in banks up to quarter million dollars
- Passed in response to the bank failures after the stock market crash
- insures money in savings and checking accounts, money market accounts and CD’s
- does not insure stock, bonds, mutual funds, items in safety deposit boxes, loss due to theft or fraud
NRA/NIRA- National Recovery Act/ National Industrial Recovery Administration
- fair competition
- supporting prices and wages and stimulating economic recovery from the Great Depression
- tried to make voluntary agreements dealing with hours of work, rates of pay, and the fixing of prices
SEC- Securities and Exchange Commission
- 1934
- regulates the stock market and made the market more secure and safer for people's money
Banking Act of 1935
- Made the FDIC a permanent agency within the US government
- Strengthened the power of the Federal Reserve making banking safer overall
FFDCA- Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
- 1938
- banned false therapeutic claims in drug labeling
- new standards for food and cosmetics
- review safety of new drugs
AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act
- Established in 1933
- Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus so prices would go up
- restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce the amount of crops planted
- the farmers were paid by the federal government for leaving some of their land untilled
- The act created a new agency, the Agricultural Adjustment Administration to carry out law
- The AAA oversaw a large-scale destruction of existing crops and livestock in an attempt to reduce surpluses
- For example, six million pigs and 220,000 sows were slaughtered in the AAA’s effort to raise prices.
- cotton farmers plowed under a quarter of their crop
- The AAA was declared unconstitutional by supreme court in 1936 because it taxed one group the pay another.
- the second AAA was passed in 1938
- the second AAA was funded from general taxation
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
- allowed the government to pay farmers to reduce production so as to conserve soil and prevent erosion
- It was a piece of legislation passed in response to the supreme court’s declaration that the AAA was unconstitutional.
- educated farmers on how to use their lands without damaging them
TVA- Tennessee Valley Authority
- Created to generate electric power and control floods in a seven state region around the Tennessee River valley
- FDR signed the TVA Act on May 18, 1933
- the agency still exists and has grown to become America’s largest public power company
- some criticized the TVA for only helping a specific region not the whole country
Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
- 1935
- the REA provided farms with inexpensive electric lighting and power and eventually telephone services
- This brought all the electrical appliances that the cities thd since the 1920’s
- by 1939 rural households with electricity had risen to 25%
- The administration was abolished in 1994
Farm Security Adminsistration (FSA)
- granted small farmers and tenant farmers money to purchase farms
- The Dust Bown forced a lot of farmers off their farms
- many farmers bought tractors with money from the AAA thus forcing tenant farmers off the land
- The FSA provided relief to these people
Home Owner’s Loan Corporation (HOLC)
- the typical home loan in 1930 required a 50% down payment and had to paid off within 5-7 years at an interest rate of 6 to 8 percent
- Buyers paid the entire interest charge at the end of the payback period in a single balloon payment
- It saved a lot of jobs.
- often they had to take out a second mortgage at rate of up to 18% just to cover this final payment
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
- 1934
- insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home buying
- The goals of this organization are to improve housing standards and conditions and to provide an adequate home financing system
- in 1965, the FHA became part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development
United States Housing Authority (USHA)
- 1937
- designed to lend money to the states or communities for low cost home construction
- homes were designed for low-income and homeless people
- was absorbed by the National Housing Agency in 1942
National Labor Relations Act/Board (NLRA(B))
- established in 1935 through passage of the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
- conducts elections for unions
- stresses collective bargaining
- investigates and fixes unfair labor practices
- Governed by a five-person board
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Established a minimum wage (40 cents an hour)
- established the 40 hours work week
- guaranteed time and a half for overtime in certain jobs
- prohibited most child labor
- still exists today
Social Security Administration (SSA)
- 1935
- provides retirement, disability, and survivors’ benefits
- To qualify for these benefits, most American workers pay Social Security taxes on their earnings.
- future benefits are based on employees’ contributions
- each person is given a social security number
Indian Reorganization Act (IRA)
- 1934
- abolished the Dawes Act and allowed Native American to govern themselves on a tribal basis
- allowed Native Americans to manage and keep their own land
- the act is still around today
- Included provisions to help create job opportunities on Indian Reservations. This has led to many casinos on Indian Recovery
Group: Eric, Natalie, Alise, and Becky
1. FLSA It got people minimum wage and abolished most child labor.
2. USHA It housed the homeless.
3. AAA It fed people who needed and couldn't buy their own food.
4. FDIC It insured people's money in the banks so they don't lose all their money like they did in the Great Depression.
5. PWA It created many jobs for the unemployed.
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