Presentations today.
Nile:
Cities/States:
- grew wheat, barley, vegies, fig, melons, etc.
- they had 3 seasons: flooding season, growing season, and harvesting season
- tried to trap as much flood water into canals
- built mud-brick reservoirs to trap and hold water
- irrigation canals
- used shadufs to lift water from the cananls
Economy:
- because of the river the civilizations would have a surplus of crops
Culture:
- the king had special status and was the ruler of the land
- the ruling class was related to or of high importance to the king
- craftsmen made tools and weapons
- belived in many gods
- wrote in hieroglyphics
- built houses out of mud bricks
- used large boats for travel
Agriculture:
- usually deposited the nutrients needed for growing food on top of the soil
Geography:
- deserts east and west of the nile with mountains to the east
- every spring the river would flood from a surphus of water in the mountians
- longest river in the world
- the only river that flows north
- gets it water from mountains, plateaus, lakes in present day burundi
- the deserts acted as natureal barriers between other lands
- the flooding was very predictible
Early River Civilizations:
Mesopotamia:
- irrigation was good and bad
- water would evaporate and leave salt behind
- salt would kill the crop
- the babylonian empire ended around 1600 B.C.
Presentations today.
Nile:
- ended because of flooding
- tried building dams
- the houses broke, crops died, and animals were washed away
- was home to the egyptian empire
Indus:
- river changed course
- floods didnt fertilize the feilds so their soil became un fertile
- harappan civilization ended around 1300 B.C.
- the people were buddhists of Ladahk, and Dards of Indo-Aryan
- the river goes through places like Pakistan, Afghanistan, and part of Iran
Yellow:
- flows through 9 provinces of China
- flooding wiped out the economy and therefore civilizations died
- Shang was in power until the zhou invaded the capitol
Indus River:
Harappa:
- partially built on mud brick platforms to protect it from flooding
- literate people that flourished around 2600 - 1700 B.C in the western part of aisa
Mohenjo-Daro:
- the only civilization to have a private bathroom and toilet in each house
- loated in the larkana distric of sindh, pakistan
- largest city
- means the hill of the dead
- live in brick houses with 3 floors
Geogrophy:
- total rainfall 5 to 20in
- good soil for farming
- streches across 6 countries
- total river length 1,976 mi
Culture:
- allows cotton, sugar cane, and wheat to grow
- animals were important to the culture
Importance:
- feeds the ecosystem of temperate forests planes and arid country side
- longest and most important river in pakistan
- mostly used for trading and irrigation
- provides key water resourses
- was governed by trading not military power
The Beginning of the Empires
The Nile:
- settlements becan around 7000 years ago
- gradually developed intop more complex societies
- was split into two groups, lower and upper egypt
The yellow river:
- said to be the cradle of chinese civilization
- armies of china would destroy dams to the yellow river to flood lands and slow down enemy troops
- became a common tactic
- established by the yu the great
Mesopotamia:
- sargon founded the akkadian dynasty, first empire in mesopotamia
- the religion was sumerian and that means mythology, pantheon, rites, and cosmolgy of the sumerian civilization
- had a monarchy government
Indus River:
- indus valley civilization was a bronze age
- wasnt really and empire around the river
- also known as the harappan civilization
- went across pakistan and northwest India
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