Wednesday, August 29th

[4th ANDREWM]

Continuation of group projects today. This is what I missed yesterday.... These are Ashtun's notes(Cause I was gone for cross country).

• Columbus traveled to America in 1492. On October 10th, he said that if they did not find land in 2 days then they would turn around and go home, but then on October 12th, he discovered America. Vikings were actually the first to dscover America, but it was never documented.
• Jamestown is settled; 104 settlers from London to Virginia went to find gold on a water route to Orient. They were attacked by some group of Natives. As their colonies were dying, the Powhatan Indian trade revived the colony with exchanges. In 1622, the Alogonquins attacked the plantation killing 300 settlers. 
• Civil War; The Civil War was fought in 1865 while Lincoln was president. The war was over slavery, the South wanted slavery and the North fought against it. The north had way more population. The North was much stronger than the South during the war.
• Boston Massacre; A street fight on March 5th 1770. 50 patriots attacked the british with snowballs and sticks and stones. Then the british fired and injured and killed a few patriots, this was the start of the Revolutionary War. 
• The American Revolunitary War started in 1775. Between Great Britain and Colonists of America. Paul Revere rode into Lexington and yelled that the British were coming. 1/3 of the Americans were loyalists. And 1/3 were patriots.
• The treaty of Paris was signed on Sep 3 1783, last british troops left new york on nov 25 1783. 
• Red River War the last major conflict between the US army and the southern plain indians. Indians believed that their land was being taken. The war began on June 27, 1874. Lead by Quanah Parker. 300 indians and 28 hunters. The troops followed indians onto reservations. The most famous was at Pola Duro Canyon. No battles accounted for the defeat of the Indians. The indians surrendered ending the war.
• Lewis & Clark; Jeffereson purchased 828,000 square miles of land from France, and this is where the Lewis and Clark expidention took place. It began on May 21, 1804. They traveled through current day Kansas City and Omaha. 33 men went on the journey with Lewis and Clark making up the Corps of Discovery. 
• War of 1812- The US declared war on Great Braitan. Fought on the sea, warships, american-canadiain frontier, and american south and the gulf cost. The battle was fought after they already signed the treaty agreeing to end the war. The british sacked and burned down the original White House. The impressment had our ships going out and theirs would come upon ours and get on and take our saliors and make them work for their ships and their government. British forces won the battle.
• Oregon Trail; Many walked the 2,000 of the trail barefoot. Every 1 in 10 people died usually of disease, bad sanitation, random gunshots. Some people were burried alive, they didn't want to slow things down so they would hop out of the wagon and burry themselves so theat they wouldn't slow them down. The immigrants migreated to California in search of gold. There were alot of native tribes on the way to California that helped the immigrants out. 
• The Mexican Wat began with a Mexican attack on american troops along the southern border of texas on april 25th 1846. it forced mexico to give up their territory to the US. It was ought in texas, new mexico, california, nothern central, and eastern mexico and mexico city. Mexico would not negotaiate when it came to debts claims and boundaries. After the war, commerce and travel increased and the gold rush contributed to the economy after the war. 
• Reconstruction; After the civil war they had to reconstruct the country because the south burnt down everywhere they walked after the war. Most of their goals were acomplished and in feb they gave rights to the blacks and they allowed them to vote and they gave them anti slavery.
• Declaration of Independence; The second Congress met. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Decleration. Severed colony's ties to the British crown. They wanted their own freedom and they didn't want to have anything to do with Britain anymore and they wanted to be their own people. The Decleration was signed and drafted.
• The US Constitution was written in 1787. A group of men called the Framers got together to decide what they could do to come up with an agreement to make our country a better place and they came up with the constitution. Ben Franklin wrote the constitution and said he knew it wouldn't be perfect because there were so many things that people wanted out of it, but he said that he would do his best. Everyone agreed with the document so it was put into effect.

• The War of 1812 ended in 1815, they signed a treaty. 

  • Monroe Doctrine; created so europeans couldn't expand their colonies into ours. This would have ended trade between us and Great Britain. USA wantted to make certain that no europeans would colonize in the western hemisphere. 
  • Trail of Tears; Millions of natives settles on millions of acres. by the 1840s a few natives were still living in the southerastern US. They were all working in the cotton fields for white settlers. Many people froze alive and some died, some were eaten by other people. 
  • California Gold Rush; We have notes on this in our own presentation, Austin did it. James Marshall discovered gold. The Gold Rush caused a lot of crime for people, because they were stealing peoples gold. And then whenever people got rich, it caused inflation which made the prices of things go up but that hurt the people who didn't get rich because then they couldn't afford anything anymore. 
  • Railroad; In 1862 congress passed and president Lincoln signed the pacific railroad bill. For awhile Congress was torn but then they decided to go through with it and they passed the bill and the route they chose was in the north but it was more central. When they made the railroad they started on each side of the country and them came into the middle. It was brought together in 1861. It was managed by the Big Four. Set a record of laying 10 miles of track in a day, then silver was found and men were going towards there and had less people to work so then they hired Chinese people to work and a lot of people weren't okay with it, but they couldn't help it because they needed people to be able to work. Things got slow but they kept building due to competition. The grand breaking was on December 2nd, 1863. As they pushed across the prairie the ran into Native American raiding parties. The two tracks ended up meeting in the middle. Paved the way for Western Expansion in America and it helped to make trade easier on both coasts. It made us all one country.
  • Civil war; Economic differences between the north and south. American expansion. State rights vs. federal rights. Growth of the Abolition Movement. <-- 4 main reasons why the war started. Lincoln said that he didn't want to go to war because people felt a war. South Carolina felt it was a threat so they left and 6 states also did after them. There was an attack on Fort Sumter in April 1861. He sent supplies and such and told them he did not mean any harm but they thought that it was a trick so then on April 12th there were shots fired and that started the war. There were a lot of individual major battles during the time of the Civil War. First battle of bull run, battle of Antietam, Battle of Gettysburg, Battle of Shiloh. 
  • Reconstruction; Andrew Johnson announced his plans in May 1865. Southern states had never given up their right to govern themselves and had free reign to rebuild. Congress passed the reconstruction act of 1867. KKK was ended at this time.