Wednesday 9512

[6th Melissa]

Change:
Dorian
-less with culture of ancestors, more with the local area.
-less tribal, more formal gov't- city-states
Gov't
-polis-made up of a city and it's surrounding countryside (comunity)
-citizens would meet at an acropolis to discuss their gov't.
-not all city-states had the same form of government.
Forms of Government:
Monarchy
-state ruled by the king.
-rule is hereditory.
-some rulers claim that they have a divine right to rule.  god told them to.
-practiced by Mycenae by 2000 bc.
Aristocracy
-state ruled by king.
-rule is hereditory and based on ties, social rank, wealth.
-social status and wealth support rulers' authority.
-practiced by athens prior to 594 bc.
Oligarchy
-state ruled by a small group of citizens.
-rules is based on wealth and/or ability.
-ruling group controls the military.
-practiced by sparta by 500 bc.
Direct Democracy
-state is ruled by the people.
-rule is based on citizenship.
-majority rule decides vote.
-practiced in athens by 500 bc.
Athens
-600 bc, athens was taking steps towards democracy.
-there were major reforms for the next 100 years that would eventually lead to a democracy starting around 500 bc.
Key Players:
Draco
-developed a legal code based on the idea that all Athenians, rich and poor, were equal under law.
-he had very harsh punishments for nearly any crime.
-he believed in debt slavery.
-the word "draconian" has come to mean "extreme cruelty or severity"
Solon
-stated that no citizen should own another.
-oranized Athens into four social classes based on wealth.
-only top three classes could hold political office.
-all four could participate in the athenian assembly.