THE COLD WAR (1945-1990)
US vs Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- a political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union
- Spread throughout the world - Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Discussion
- Communism vs Democracy
- Democracy - run by the people
- Communism - no social classes
- started by Karl Marx during the 1800's
- because it was poor vs rich
- rich had all the power but there were few
- poor had a lot more people
- poor were going to overtake the rich
- Marx said that there shouldn't be any social classes and everyone is equal
- Socialism vs Capitalism
- Capitalism - businesses are run by the people
- Socialism - businesses are run by the gov't
COLD WAR TOPICS:
- Causes of the Cold War-
- American's fear of communist Attack- take over world
- Truman's dislike of Stalin
- American President-Harry Truman
- Soviet Union leader- Josef Stalin
- Stalin refused to join the league of nations
- Russia's fear of our atomic bomb
- The world
- all out nuclear war
- Capitalism
- people owned their governments
- Russia's dislike of capitalism
- we were succeding by using it
- America's refusal to share nuclear secrets
- Secrets are part of any war
- Russia's expansion west into Eastern Europe (broken election promises)
- Russia promised not to expand
- Russia's fear of American attack
- Russia was afraid of bombs and army, navy, ect.
- Russia's need for a secure western border
- to protect from US attacks
- Communism
- People were equal in every way and they had their right taken away
- Karl Marx thought of communism
- Russia's aim of spreading world communism- BIG IDEA
- More communistic countries
- less enemies
- Policy of Containment: domino effect, Iron Curtain Speech, Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine
- Domino effect-
- President Eisenhower and his national security adviser introduced the domino theory during the 1950's. All countries were going to fall like dominos to communism
- Iron Curtain Speech-
- Ideological and physical divide that was between the Soviet controlled ares in eastern Europe and the Democratic government in western Europe
- Marshall Plan-
- An american program to aid Europe where the US could give Monterrey support to help rebuild the European economies in the end of WWII to prevent soviet comminusim to spread
- Truman Doctrine-
- a policy set forth by Truman in a speech in 47 stating that we would support Greece and Turkey economicaly. This is often considered as the start of the cold war
3. House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)-
- etablished 1938 to pretty much try to find reasons to look for communists
- a lot of innocent people died
- ended in 1975
- was an American project
- COLD WAR
- USSR, US
- Big 3 - US GB, and Russia
- lasted from 1945-91
- Red Scare
- fear of having communism in the US
- no immigrants could come over
- tried as communists
- usually were innocent
- lot of investigations
- Joseph McCarthy
- born in Wisconsin Nov. 15, 1908
- excellent grades
- law degree in 1935
- 38, youngest in Republic Senate
- life in HUAC
- engaged on Communism Feb. 9, 1950
- accused Dean Acheson
4. Senator Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism
5. Berlin Blockade and Airlift-Brian-
6. China becoming communist-Mao-
7. NATO(beginning to present), de-Stalinization and peaceful co-existence-massive retaliation, mutual detterence
8. Nuclear Arms race(1945-1970)-
9. Fidel Castro and the Bay of Pigs-
10. The Cuban Missile Crisis-
11. The Berlin Wall--Going Up and Coming Down-
12. Nixon's visit to China-
13. 1970's Peace Attempts-Detente, Salt I, Salt II-
14. Effects of the Soviet's invasion of Afghanistan-
15. Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative(Missile Defense System today)-
16. Gorbachev's/Reagan's changing ways-perestroika and glasnost, INF Treaty-
17. The fall of Communism and the end of the Cold War-explain how it all went down-
18. The new map of Europe(up to present)-
19. Why the US won the Cold War-
20. Korean Conflict--
21. Vietnam Conflict
22. Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US
- wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
- Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa
- Stop the spread of communism
23. Goals for the USSR
- wanted to create greater security for itself
- lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin's purges
- feared a strong Germany
- Establish defensible borders
- Encourage friendly governments on its borders
- Spread communism around the world
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