Macedonia
Geography
- rough terrain and cold climate
- Similar to Athens
- People lives in mountain villages instead of city- states
- Different from Athens
Not Seeing Eye to Eye
- Most of Macedonian nobles refered themselves as Greeks
- Greeks though Macedonians er barbarc and not cilivied Greeks
Changes
- After the Pelonnesian War severla Greek City- states were very week
- Economical
- Militaristically
- When someone is week or struggling, preditors come take advandages in them. ie Macedonia
Macedonian Leadership
- Phillip II- king around 360 BC
- only 23 when king
- Brilliant general
- Trained peasents into worriors
- Dreamed to take over Greece and avenge the Persian Invasion of Greece in 489 Bc
- Phillip used the Phalanxes
- 16 x16, 256 men had to work together throught for formation to work
- After Phalanx broke through enemeud line he would send cavary
Conquest for Greece
- Athenians orator named Demostened tried to war the Grreks about the treat of Philip
- City- States did not see eye to eye and couldnt respond
- Athens decides to stand up too lat
- Greeks indepence was Mecedonian
New Leader
- Next was to invade Persia
- Not able to do this
- Daughter;s wedding, he was stabbed in the back and died by a formal general
- Alexander the Great his son became the new leader
Alexander the Great
- Taught by Aristotle
- Spread Hellenistic culture
- Very intellectual
- Showed early power- broke a horse that no one could
- Thebes rebelled and he killed 6000 lives and took people to become slaves exect for priests
Invade Persia
- Greece secured went to Persia
- 35,000 men to attack Persia
- 40,000 men from Persia at Anatolia
- Alexander switched tactics. Started with calvary and defeated the Persians
- Victory alarmed Persian King Darius III
- King wanted to raise a huge army 50- 75,000
- Alex knew he was out #ed but surprised attacked straight to the king
- Darios III fled and so did the army
Peace?
- Darius III was ready to give up after two major defeats and offered land to Alexander the Great
- Mscrdonian advisors advised him to take up the offer
- He did not because he wanted to take over all of Persia
In Egypt
- Welcomed into Egypt as a liberator wven though Egypt was Persian territory
- Crowned pharaoh
- Alexandria citys were named after him
- Alex still wanted to kill Darius III of Persian so he pursued him
- Thought he was a coward
- Great Conqurure but bad governing the land
- Found King Darius III dead- one of his own men killed him
- People thought Darius was and Alex would stop his conquest
- Wrong- he invaded certin areas of India nad won there also
- Only problem Alex had was the low moral of his army
- They had fought for 11 years and 11000 miles
- The had bad conditions in deserts and monsoon rains
- Disipointed but went home
Governor
- Reached Babylon and anounced that he wants to inite his empire by biulding cities, roads, harboes and conquer Arabia
- He died at age 32 because he was very ill with a fever
Legacy
- Married a Persian Princess
- Mixed cultures
- Wore Persian dress and presided over a mass marage of 80 men and 80 Persian women
- Speading Hellenstic Culture
- Lot of land conquered
- Who would get the Power?
Generals
- 3 generals got control of the land
- Antigonus- the King of Macedonia and took control of the Greeks city states
- Ptolemy seized Egypt took over the title of Pharaoh and began dynisty
- Seleucid- controled over the Persian Empire. Didnt take the democracy approtch and ruled with power
In my opinion, Alexander the Great was a historic conquerer that was special in the eyes of himself and his followeres. I believe that he was just a barbaric person who wanted to control as muh land as possible. I think that he was very greedy. If he would have had stopped and allowed the Mecanamians to rule the land he conquered, he would probably unite the people better with one government. He let greed get the best of him for sure. I think that it is best that all the land was not ruled by one person.
Culture (Hellenistic)
- Alexandria was a culture clash like Ellis Island
- Alexandria was very attractive and had many statues of A.t.G.
- Muesuems were built so no one could forget him
- Astronomy-
Comments