USH Weekly Blog 3-6/3-10

Monday:

Germany's WWII Story
- 1919-1945
- Ein Volk
  - One People
- ein Reich
  - One empire
- ein Fuhrer
  - One leader
Fuhrer-Leader
Swastika
Axis powers
- Germany
- Italy
- Japan
- Spain
- France
- Hungry
- Finland
- Croatia
- Romania
Treaty of Versailles
- Territorial
- The following land was taken away from Germany:
  - Alsace-Lorraine (given to France)
  - Eupen and Malmedy (given to Belgium)
  - Northern Scheswing (given to Denmark)
  - Hulschin (given to Czechoslovakia)
  - West Prussia, Posen, and Upper Silesia (given to Poland)
- The league of nations also took control of Germany's overseas colonies
- Germany had to return to Russia land taken in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
  - Some of this land was made into new states:
    - Estonia
    - Lithuania
    - Latvia
  - An enlarges Poland
- Military
  - Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men;
  - German army was not allowed tanks
  - Germany was not allowed to have an air force
  - Germany was allowed only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
  - The Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ)
    - No German soldier or weapon was allowed into this zone
    - The Allies were to keep an army of occupation on the west bank of the Rhine for 15 years
- Financial
  - The loss of vital industrial territory would be a severe blow to Germany's economy
    - Coal from the Saar and Upper Silesia in particular
  - Germany had to pay $33 billion to the Allies (GB/France)
- General
  - Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war. This was Clause 231- the infamous "War Guilt Clause"
  - Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
  - A league of Nations was set up to keep world peace
The German Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles
- There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public
- The Treaty was seen by many Germans as being forced on them and the Germans had no choice but to sign it
- German representative in Pairs knew that they had no choice as Germany was incapable of restarting the war again
- Many right wing groups such as the Nazis believed in the Dolchstoss Theory (Stab in the Back Theory)
- Blamed the "November Criminals" (the Weimer Republic) for accepting treaty
Adolf Hitler
- Born in 1889 in Austria
- Family moved to Germany when he was three
- Had five siblings- three died in infancy
- Mom- Klara
- Dad- Alois
- His brother, Edmund, died in 1900
- After his brother's death, Hitler changed and became more moody and withdrawn
- Had more issues at school and with his dad
- His dad died in 1903 and his mom died in 1907
- All three of these deaths had a huge impact on the young Hitler
- In Mein Kampf, Hitler said he first became anti-Semitic during his time in Vienna, Austria
- Hitler struggled in school
- Vienna, Austria- 1905-1913
  - Hitler failed to get into the Academy of fine Arts in Vienna two different times
  - Started selling paintings in the streets of Vienna
  - Failed his examination to get into the Austro-Hungarian army in 1914
  - Moved to Munich, Germany and joined the Germany army when WWI broke out in 1914
Hitler in WWI
- Hitler was wounded twice while serving
  - Injured by a shell explosion
  - Temporarily blinded by a mustard gas attack
- There is a story that Hitler could have been shot by the French soldier, Henry Tandy, but was spared
After WWI
- Hitler starts spying on the new Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) for the German military
- Hitler quickly realized that this group discussed topics that he believed in
- Hitler dropped out o the military and joined the Nazi party and quickly rose to become the leader
- Hitler found out that he had the power of speech and persuasion during this time
Beer Hall Putsch-1923
Hitler's Trial- 1924
Hitler in Prison
- Sentenced for 5 years
- Served 9 months for good behavior
Mein Kampf
Hitler Rise to Power
- Hitler is appointed Chancellor in 1933
- President Paul von Hindenburg dies shortly after and Hitler dissolves the Weimer Republic
- Early Actions of Hitler:
  - Drops out of the League of Nations
  - Starts rearming Germany
  - Rearms the German Rhineland area
Anschluss with Austria-1938
Sudetenland crisis- 1938
- "Re-uniting German speaking peoples"
Sudetenland/Munich Conference-1938
- Neville Chamberlain- Great Britain
  - "Peace for our time"
- Adolf Hitler- Germany
- Benito Mussolini- Italy
- Edouard Daladier- France
- Hitler was given the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia
- Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories
- Hitler wanted to re-unite all German speaking people
- Became known as the "Policy of Appeasement"
Winston Churchill- Opposed Appeasement
Hitler taker over all of Czechoslovakia-1939
Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
- German Ambassador von Ribbentrop and Soviet dictator Stalin laugh as Molotov signs the Nazi-Sovier Non-Aggression pact on August 23, 1939
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
- secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany would get the western half and USSR and eastern half
- Russia would get Finland, Estonia and Latvia and Germany would get Lithuania
How did the world react to this pact?
- Shock
- Poland was scared
- Hitler thought it would force great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
German invasion of Poland-Blitzkrieg
Sitzkrieg- The Phony War
Tripartite Pact is signed- Axis Powers- 1940
Axis Powers
- Main Powers:
  - Germany
  - Italy
  - Japan
- Other Powers
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Finland
  - Romania
  - Thailand
  - Hungary
The "Phony War" End- Spring 1940
France's "Impenetrable" Maginot Line
Miracle of Dunkirk
Dunkirk Evacuated June 4 1940
France Surrenders- June 1940
A divided France
The French Resistance
- The free French
- The Maquis
- General Charles DeGualle
Axis Invasion of the Balkans (Yugoslavia)- 1941
Now Britain is all alone
Nazi Goals for Battle of Britain
- Destroy the Royal Air force (before invasion was possible- hopefully by 9-15)
- Attack and destroy the British navy
- Attack British troops
- Once air control was gained, the invasion of Great Britain would begin
- **Germany never succeeded in achieving #1
- **German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they started bombing at night only
- **Great Britain was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra
Operation Sea Lion- Unterehemen Seelow
Battle of Britain- the Blitz- September 1940- May 1941
Royal Air Force
Luftwaffe
- Messerschmitt Bf 109
- Herman Goering
- Air Raid Shelters During the Blitz

Tuesday: Continued taking notes... all notes are up above

Wednesday: Continued taking notes

Thursday: Continued taking notes

Friday: No School

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USH Weekly Blog 3-6/3-10

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