----Civil Service Replaces Patronage----(continued)
-The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 "authorized a bipartisan civil service commission" to scout federal jobs through a merit system based on a candidates' performance on an examination. The Pendleton Act had a mix of responses. Public administration became more honest, but because officials couldn't pressure employees anymore, they went to big business owners for donations
---Business Buys Influence---
-Alliances grew incredibly strong between rich business owners and the government
-Big businesses wanted the government to either keep or raise the tariffs, list of duties imposed on by the government on imports or exports, that keep homeland industries from foreign competition
-Republicans supported the tariffs while the Democrats opposed of it because it increased prices.
-Grover Cleveland won the election for presidency....the first Democratic election for 28 years
-Cleveland attempted to lower tariffs but Congress denied it.
-Cleveland ran for reelection, but lost because Benjamin Harrison recieved more electoral votes
-Harrison was allowed the passing of the McKinley Tariff Act of 1890, raising tariffs higher than ever before.
-Cleveland was elected again in 1892, being the first president to serve two non-consecutive terms
-He supported a bill to lower the McKinley Tariff but didn't sign it. It would've helped provide for a federal income tax.
-Wilson-Gorman Tariff became law in 1894 without Cleveland's signature
-McKinley became president in 1897 and raised the tariffs again....you can see this was a very controversial subject :)
-There was no lowering the tariffs, but the hope for reform was never gone.
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