Religion cont.
Similar Religions
- roman religion was born out of greek mythology
- similar gods with diferent names
- zeus-jupiter, poseidon-neptune, hades-pluto, aphrodite-venus, hera-juno, ares-mars
Athens Government
Type
- by 5th century their government changed from a tyranny to a democracy
- Tyranny-autocratic rulers who governed by decree
- Athens created the first democracy
- Direct Democracy- people vote to make their own rules and laws
Who was allowed to participate?
- only citizens were allowed to participate
- men were considered citizens
- women, slaves, and foreigners were not
- if a childs parents were not citizens, the child was no =t considered a citizens either even if they had lived in athens all their life
Branches
- The Assembly
- any man was allowed to attend
- they were held 40 times a year at hillside auditorium
- made decisions about war and wrote and revised laws
- majority rules
- The council
- supervised government workers
- in charge of navy ships and army horses
- The Courts
- most powerful
- 500 juror were chosen every day to service
- jurors had to be males over the age of 30
- no rules on what kinds of cases could be tried
- majority rules
people like it?
- people could speak their minds
- all citizens could participate
- peacefully settled disputes
- age restrictions
- paid for service
- included rich and poor
Critics
- critics
- why?
- only some men could vote
- no women rights
- limited citizenship
- slavery
- money and power still had advantages
Key Players
- Perciles
- leader for 30 years
- Solon
- introduced many new government reforms
- Cleithenes
- "Father of Democracy"
Elections
- Didnt have elections for Council
- 500 names were drawn from all the people in Athens
- 50 from each of the 10 tribes
- Those 500 people had to serve as the law makers for one year
- after one year 500 more were drawn
Done With Presentations!!!!!!!!!!
Macedonia
Geography
- had rough terrain and a cold climate
- The people lived mostly in the mountain villages instead of city states like Athens
Not seeing eye to eye
- Macedonian nobles referred to themselvees as Greeks
- Greeks thought that Macedonians were barbaric and not as civilized as the Greeks
- What other civilization was like this? Sparta
Changes
- after the Peloponnesian War several Greek city state were very wear
- economically
- militaristically
- economically
- when there is a weakness or a struggle there is usually a predator or someone else to take advantage of the opportunity. In this case, it was Macedonia.
Leadership
- Phillip IIwas the king of Macedonia around 360 BC
- only 23 he would become king
- brilliant general
- was able to train peasants into warriors
- His dream was to take over Greece and avenge the Persian Invasion of Greece in 480 BC
- Invade Persia
- Tactics
- organized his army into phalanxes of 16 men across by 16 men deep
- all 256 men had to work together for this formation to work correctly
- after the phalanx had broke through the enemy line, he would then send in cavalry to crush the disorganized or retreating opponents
Conquest
- An Athenian orator named Demosthenes tried to warn the Greeks of the threat of Phillip and told them to prepare an army
- However, the city-states of Greece couldn't come up with a united response
- finally Athens and Thebes decide to standup to Phillip but it was too late
- Greek independence was lost to King Phillip of Macedonia
New Leader
- Next on Phillips agenda was to invade Persia
- However he was never able to do this
- At his daughters wedding he was stabbed to death by one of his former guardsman
- his son immediately proclaimed himself the king of Macedonia. His name was Alexander later known as Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great
- was taught by Aristotle
- spread Hellenistic culture
- very intellectual, kept a copy of the Iliad under his pillow to remind him of the heroic of Achilles in the Trojan War
- Alex wanted to show his power early and when the people of Thebes rebelled, he destroyed their city and took 6,000 lives
- The survivors were sold into slavery except the preists
Do you think that Alexander should have punished the people of Thebes so harshly? why or why not?
Yes, because if you were Alexander you would want to show your power, and make an example out of Thebes. He made an example out of them so that none of the other city-states would try and rebel against him. I thought that he should of punished them some, but by selling them all as slaves was a little on the harsh side. He shouldve just destoyed their army and city and that wouldve made an example of them.
Comments