5.1:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::by hanna maddox------------Describe Native American culture.plant crops hunt and settle in small villages-nomadic, followed the buffaloafter Europeans got horses and guns they were able to travel farther and hunt more efficiently they abide by the Tribal law they traded and produced beautifully crafted clothes and tools they left their villages and moved around-----------Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?settlers believed that owning land, making a mining claim, and starting business would give them a stake in the countrythey argued that the native Americans had forfeited their rights to the land because they didn't settle down and improve land.they also moved west because gold---------How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?1834 government passed an act that designated the great plains as one big reservation set aside for native American tribesmost native Americans rejected the government treaties and continued to hunt on their lands colliding with settlers and minersDawes act broke up reservations and gave some land to individual native Americans 160 acres to the head of the house holdwhites took 2/3 of the land that was supposed to go to native Americans. the native Americans received no money from the sale of these landssitting bull earned his name after a fight with the crow , and enemy of the SiouxCuster divided 12 companies into 3 battalions to look for scattered native Americanssitting bull had a vision there was going to be a big battle he sent his troops out to attack Custer and his battalions firstbattle of wounded kneeCuster's old regiment took about 350 starving and freezing Sioux to a camp---------Describe a cowboy's life.a cowboy is a man who tends cattle on ranches in north America by horse beside just working on ranches some went to work in rodeos cowboys were mainly 15-40 years oldthey worked on ranches for 10-14 hours a daythey use guns to kill or scare off animals that might upset the cattle or horses or to chase off outlawsroundup-they herded all the longhorns they could find on the open range into a large corral. they kept them there and starved them until they wanted to graze and not run awaythe overland transport of animals lasted about three months. normally it was one cowboy for ever 300 cattle ; a coo who also drove the chuck wagon and set up a map and a wrangler for the horsescowboys were on this long drive from dawn to dusk. many things scared the cattle; water like fivers and lakes , thunder, or even a sneeze would cause a stampede5.2::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::by hailey miller-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?5.3shelby powers-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?prices of their crops were fallingbanks were foreclosing their farmsgood farming land was becoming harder to get and there was less of it availablethey had problems with the rairoadsthe grangegoalsteach their members how to be more orgaizedset up farmers cooperativessponser state legislation and regulate rairoads-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?populism- the movement of the peopleheld a convention in Omaha-demanded reforms to lift the burden of debt from the farmers-give people more say in their governmentactions of populiststried to increase the money supply which would cause people to pay more to the farmersstarted the 8 hour work daystarted a federal loan programput restrictions on immigrationeventually became progressivesfarmers alliancesgroups of people that sympathized with with farmerssent lectures to other townspanic of 1893some railroads were starting to go bankrupt by 1893 because farmers were in debtgold was becoming scarce causing people to panic and trade all of their paper money for goldsome people then started getting both silver and goldgold-bugs vs silveritesgold-bugs:bankers and businessmen of the northeast (republicans)favored greenbacks/goldwould cause less money to be in circulationdeflation- prices of everything fall, value of money increases, and fewer people have moneysilverites:the farmers and laborers (democrats)favored bimetallism (populists)more money would be in circulationinflation-price of everything foes up, value of money in circulation decreases, more people have moneyend of populism1896 electionMcKinley for republican partWilliam Jennings Bryan for democratspopulism collapsed when McKinley won6.1-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?a wealth of natural resourcesgovernment support for businessa growing urban populationcheap labor and markets for new productslaissez faire- let it be, leave it aloneiron and steel98% of iron is used to make steel1887-prospectors discovered coal and iron ore deposits more than 100 miles long and 3 miles wide near the Mesabi range of Minnesotathe Bessemer process was developed and soon after became popularpeople were able to get carbon out of iron to make steel because of the new processskyscrapers could be builtthe Bessemer processfirst discovered by William Kelly in 1851Henry Bessemer took out a patent in 1855it took out impurities in iron by oxidationtook out the impurities to make steel which makes the iron stronger-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?the Bessemer processfirst discovered by William Kelly in 1851Henry Bessemer took out a patent in 1855it took out impurities in iron by oxidationtook out the impurities to make steel which makes the iron strongerthe light bulb1850 Joseph swan began inventing the light bulb with carbonized filaments1879 Thomas Edison perfected itused carbonized paper filaments1879 swan began installing in homes and landmarks in Englandthe typewriterinvented by Christopher Sholeshe came up with the idea in 1868it was originally designed like the telegraphthe original on eon only had capital lettersa later perfected typewriter had the qwerty order that we use todayqwerty was invented by Sholes basically because of pairs of letters frequently used togetherbecause the first typewriter didn't have lowercase it wasn't a big hitbecame popular in 1873 when shift key came in use for lowercasethe telephoneit was invented by Alexander graham bell in the late 1870sthe telephone was a rebuilt in Alexander Graham Bell trying to improve the telegraphhe came up with the idea of sending speech electricity instead of messages while working on the telegraphinventions change American lifethe light bulb made lighting homes easierelectricity became world wide, making life easierpeople could communicate quicker in a longer distance with the telephonethe typewriter gave many women more job opportunities in officesthe refrigerator made it possible to store foods at a cool temperaturethis made foods last longer and food poisoning caused of rotting food occur less6.2-What impact did railroads have on the US?it made so that people and goods could move westward much easier and that it would be quicker for the settlers to move westit brought hope and faith to Americansveterans made the tracks for the trains -native americans movingit set up time zones-Why were many people upset with the railroads?they were upset by misuse of government land grantswhich the railroads sold to other businesses rather than to settlers, as the government intended-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?they took political action they took state and local political candidatesthey establish maximum freight and passenger rates and prohibit discriminationwanted to watch over the railroads and make sure they were being fairoppertunities and opportuniststhe growth of railroads influenced the industries and businessinterstate commerce actthe gragers triumph was short lived however, in 1886, the supreme court ruled that a state could not set rebates on interstate commercean act passed by gov that would regulate railroads-make it fair for everybody and not just the wealthythe grangers were farmers that came together to fight back against the railroads6.3-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).-How did the government try to regulate business?-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.
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