Ch. 5.1: -Describe Native American culture- the western tribes hunted and gathered food. They traveled to find animals. -Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains? - They wanted to own land. Migrants moved westward along the railroad and wagon trails to claim land. -How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?- in 1834 the government gave Native American land for their tribes. All the tribes were to live on the same land. Later government changed and gave each tribe their own areas in different parts. War started between them.
- What is a similation- Americanizing -Describe a cowboy's life- They move west to be a cattle rancher. They learned how to rope up and round up for their mexican neighbors. They did hard work.
Ch. 5.2: -How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains? It made people move west because they wanted land.
-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains? Droughts, Floods,and Fires.
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains? There tools got advanced.
Ch. 5.3: -What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains? Farmers had to pay back more for the money they borrowed. Farmers had to pay high prices for transportation of grain.
-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in? In 1892. The memember consist of poor cotton farmers of the South, and poor wheat farmers of the North. Their goal was to help the farmers not to be so weighed down with debt and to give them a bigger voice.
Ch. 6.1: -What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's? The United States change from a farming country to an industrial country. Cheap labor.
-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives? Automobiles were created. Steam engines were used to drill for oil.
Ch. 6.2: -What impact did railroads have on the US? The railroad expained the country, but made the world shrink. It help people move east to west, and west to east.
-Why were many people upset with the railroads? The people thought the railroad was a good idea. The building of the railroads was very hard and dangerous work.
-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?
Ch. 6.3: -Tell me about Andrew Carnegie. He came over to America at age 12 from Scotland. He then was a secretary for the Pennsylvania Railroad. Andrew then left the railroad company in 1865. He came over poor, then got rich. His business was Carnegie Steel.
-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.
-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business? Social Darwinism was started by Charles Darwinsin. Social Darwinsin means that the state who have the fittest will strive iin the society. Those who were poor were automatically weak and lazy. "Survival of the fittest."
-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts). Vertical integration- a process in which he bought out his supplies in order to control the systems. Horizontal integration- companies producing similar products merge. Find better ways to make better products cheaper. He brought in peope with talents and offering them stock. He also encouraged his assistants to be competitive.
-How did the government try to regulate business? Factory workers worked 12 or more hours a day, 6 days a week. Vacation was not an option. 675 laborers are killed due to work related activities a week.
-What are labor unions and what is their purpose? A labor union is a union of workers working together to better pay. Northern wages were generally higher than Southern wages. This made whites, blacks, male, and female, all join together.
Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples. They were succesful now, because now we don't have child labor, we have better wages, and free public education.
Ch. 7.1: Why did immigrants come to the US? Where did immigrants come from? Jobs were scarce. Came from Jamacia, Cuba, Puerto Rico. They wanted to find jobs. Push and Pull Opertunities.
What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here? When the chinese got here, we didn't like them, because they were different.
Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? The Natives worried that the Chinese would work for lower wages, and take their jobs.
What were those restrictions? The immigrants were required to past a literacy test.
Ch. 7.2 Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?
What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
Ch. 7.3 What was the political machine and what did they do for a city? Gained control of local government in some of the major cities after the Civil war.
Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
What caused all this corruption in government?
What laws came about to reform government?
Pendleton Act
Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's.
Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
Ch. 8.1: -What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?
Technology helped nation's communication, transportation, and space.
Ch. 8.2:
Between 1865- 1895 stats passed the law that you must have 12 to 16 weeks of schooling or kids ages 8 to 14.
Kindergarten was more like a day care, but then they deciced to make it a grade.
After the civil war, thousand of freed african americans pursued higher education.
Ch. 8.4:
Americas had small playgrounds and playing fields. Some amusement parks were constructed on the outskirts of the cities.
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