Islam grows
new leader- after muhammad died in 632 ad the musilm community needed to make the decision on who would be their next religious leader. They selected Muhammads good friends named Abu-Bakr to become the first caliph meaning successor.
Issues- not everyone was welcoming of the caliph. some tribes around the arabian peninsula abandoned islam completely. others wouldnt pat taxes. some individuals even declared themselves to be prophets.
Attempt to resolve- Abu-Bakr declared a jihad which has two meanings. 1.) Inner struggle with evil. 2.) An armed struggle against non-believe.
Expansion by military- the muslim community began to expand unde Abu-Bakr as well. The next 3 caliphers after Abu-Bakr expanded into the Sassanid and Byzantine empires.
reasons for success- they did very well fighting the empires cause they were already fighting eachother. well disciplined. great leaders. the two empires wernt tolerate of the religions in their conquored empire so the muslims in the empire would help the muslims invade the empire.
treatment of the conquered
The Qur'an does not allow for muslims to force others to convert to this religion. Muslims allowed the christians and jews to practice their religions but they coulnt spread it. They mad the christians and the jews pay a tax however because they did not fight for the Islam military groups.
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