James (Jimmy) D Carter-
- Observed 97 elections in many countries to raise democracy.
- Did a lot of peace things in Africa after presidency.
- Set up a lot of health organizations in Africa.
- Declared amnesty to Vietnam dodgers.
- Signed a treaty with Panama giving them the Panama Canal back to Panama in 1999.
- Was a peanut farmer then became governor of Georgia before becoming president.
- Beat out Ford in 1976
- Camp David Accords-"Land for Peace"
- Started SALT II talks but ended them after USSR invaded Afghanistan in 79.
- We sent military aid to the mujaheddin("people doing jihad") (now known as Al Qaeda).
- Iran Hostage Crisis
- Political crisis were 52 hostages were taken for 444 days in 1979
- Ayatollah Khomeini-was the main man of Iran at the time
- 1977 the Islamic government took over the part of Iran we liked. The part that would do whatever we would say.
- Ever since 1977 Iran has been a problem for the US
- After two failed negotiation attempts the tried to rescue the hostages which was a failure and ended up killing 8 US citizens and 1 Iranian civilian.
- Iraq invaded Iran and Iran let the hostages go on January 20, 1981.
- All the blame went to Carter.
Ronald Reagan
- Election of of 1980 was a blowout, he beat Carter.
- Election of 1984 was a blowout as well, he beat Mondale.
- Born on Feb 6, 1991 in Illinois.
- Was a radio announcer in Davenport, Iowa.
- Got a contract in Hollywood and filmed 53 films.
- Married twice and has 4 kids.
- Dealt with a lot of dispuits of communism in Hollywood.
- Assassination attempt March 30, 1981.1983 invasion of Grenada
- Survived an assassination attempt by John Hinckley Jr.
- He was trying to impress an actress (Jodie Foster) by killing the president.
- Found innocent by reason of insanity.
- 1986 bombing of Libya
- Publicly described the SU as an "evil empire"
- Supported anti-communist movements worldwide
- Opposed to detenteOrdered a massive military buildup in an arms race with the USSR
- Thought that if we continued detente that the Cold War would never end.
- Was the president that did the most to end the Cold War.
- Put a lot of money into our military.
- Caused a lot of the debt we have today.
- Made an missile defense system.
- Which is now in operation.
- How did the Cold War come to an end?
- Gorbachev and Reagan.
- We had close ties with our Allies and the USSR didn't.
- China started siding with us after 1972.
- The Soviet economy was in shambles whereas the US's was flourishing.
- Huge deficit
- High inflation
- Corruption
- Social problems
- Shortage of basic needs (food,housing)
- The strong anti-communist Presidency of Reagan.
- Gorbachev's willingness for change and reform.
- glasnost and perestroika
- admitted Soviet mistakes
- took blame for the Cold War
- communist system had failed
- allowed Eastern Europe to do what they wanted
- Arms Reduction Talks
- SALT, INF, Reagan-Gorbachev meetings
- Soviets Mistakes
- invasion of Afghanistan
- ignoring social concerns
- spent everything of military
- War on Drugs
- Reagan announced a War on Drugs in 1982.
- Crack was the biggest drug back then.
- Iran Contra Scandal-1986
- US used the $$ from secret weapons sales to Iran to fund the Contras in Nicaragua which Congress had outlawed.
- The goal was to free seven US Hostages in Iran at the time.
- Reagan said he knew nothing of this action.
George H.W. Bush
- Served as the Vice President under Reagan.
- Was a Congressman from from Texas.
- Was Ambassador of the US to the United Nations.
- Director of the CIA.
- Currently the oldest surviving former President.
- Invaded Panama.Exon Oil Spill.
- The Panama Canal was a big drug traffic center.
- Promised to lower taxes but ended up raising them.
- 1988 Election
- Up against Democrat Dukakis.
- Was a blowout.
- Persian Golf War
- August 2 1990- February 1991
- Iraq invaded Kuwait
- Saddam Hussein started gassing is own people.
- Operation Desert Shield
- Operation Desert Storm
- Results:
- Coalition Force victory, Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait, destruction of Iraqi/Kuwait infrastructure.
- Coalition-483 dead, Iraq-20,000-35,000
- 1991-2003
- No-fly zone.
- Weapons inspectors
- WMD's
- How did the Persian Golf War lead to 9/11?
- Operation Desert Shield.
- We never left Saudi Arabia.
Bill Clinton
- Law professor at Arkansas
- Elected Arkansas Attorney General in 1976
- Elected Governor of Arkansas in 1978
- Only 2nd President to ever be impeached by the House of Representatives.
- 1992 Election
- Bush vs. Clinton vs. Perot
- Won 32 of the states.
- 1996 Election
- Clinton vs. Dole vs. Perot
- Won 31 of the States.
- Brady Bill
- Made background checks for people who want to buy guns.
- Megan Law
- Were if you're a sex offender you have to warn every person in your community when you move.
- Head Start and Pre-School
- Expanded them.
- Bettered them.
- Lowered taxes for low income families and raised taxes for the wealthiest Americans.
- Added "Don't ask, don't tell" to the military.
- Set up the first Presidential Website.
- DOMA
- Defines marriage for federal purposes as the legal union of one man and one women.
- Allowed individual states to refuse to recognize gay marriages from other states.
- Impeachment
- Due to lying under oath about his "relationship" with Monica Lewinsky.
- The Senate voted to acquit Clinton.
- Failed to get his universal health care plan passed.
- Whitewater Scandal.
- Troopergate.
- Paula Jones-Settled $850,000.
- Battle of Mogadishu in Somalia.
- Osama bin Laden-Al-Qaeda bombings in Africa.
- Kosovo Crisis in Yugoslavia.
- Bombed Iraq(Saddam Hussein) frequently from 1998-2001.
George W. Bush
- His father was the 41st President of the US.
- Governor of Texas 95-00.
- Went to Yale and Harvard.
- In the oil business.
- Co-owner of the Texas Rangers 89-94.
- Was a cheerleader in college.
- 2000 Election
- Bush won against Al Gore.
- Lost the popular vote but still won.
- Re-Count in Florida 3 times.
- Won 30 states.
- 2004 Election
- Bush won against John Kerry
- Got more popular votes this time.
- Won 31 States.
- 9/11
- Al Qaeda hijacked 4 planes crashed one into a field after the passengers gained control, one into the pentagon and 2 into the twin towers.
- Made us have more security in our airports.
- Caused the war in Afghanistan.
- We went to war there.
- The Taliban was the leader there.
- That's where Al Qaeda was training.
- War in Iraq.
- We wanted Saddam Hussein.
- We believed they had WMD's.
- We found Hussein literally in a hole.
- The new Iraqi government was the one who did the trial and execution of him.
- Bush Tax Cuts.
- Passed after US government had three straight years of budget surpluses.
- No Child Left Behind Act
- aimed to measure and close the gap between rich and poor student performance.
- provide options to parents with students in low-performing schools
- Waterboarding
- Abu Ghraib Prison Abuse
- Hurricane Katrina
- Bank bailout
- The stuggling US economy
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