Today, Mr. Bruns continued his WWII presentation.
The Holocaust
-six million jews died.
-2/3 of european jews died.
-the total number of Holocaust victims would be between 11 and 17 million people.
Killed in the Holocaust
1. Jews
2. Gypsies. (500,000 to 1.5 million)
3. Mentally/Physically handicapped people. (75,000 to 250,000)
4. Soviet Slavs (7.4 million)
5. Polish people (2.5 million)
6. Homosexuals (5-15 thousands)
7. Communists/socialists.
8. Dark skinned people.
9. Africans and Asians.
10. Jehovah's Witnessess- Religious.
Aryan Race- Blond hair and blue eyes- Tall and Muscular.
Lebensborn- Fount of Life- This program aimed to promote the growth of "superior" Aryan populations. Blonde hair and blued eyed women would have "relations" with German Soldiers.
Hitlers Jewish Questions:
1- Suspend Jew's Rights.
2- Concentration Camps.
3- Jews could no longer work in government jobs- doctors, teachers and students were kicked out of school.
Nuremburg Laws-
1. Took away German citizenship rights from Jews thus making Jews second class citizens.
2. Defined Jewish- If you were even 1/4 Jewish, you were considered Jewish.
3. Jews could only marry Jews.
4. No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews.
Kristallnacht- "Night of Broken Glass"
^ Jewish businesses were destroyed and Jews were physically attacked and beaten. -Amed to destroy their churches and businesses. Also, start transporting them to Concentration Camps.
1939- Hitler ordered the systemactic murder of the mentally and physically handicapped. Jews were also required to wear armbands and yellow stars.
1940- Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland. -Forced into ghettos. Also, death camps start.
1941- BabiYar- German units shoot 33,771-largest single massacre of the Holocaust. First death camps begin murdering Jews.
1942- Hitler announces his final solution to Hitler's questions: "Kill them all."
Some death camps operated in Poland are: Majdanek, Sobibor, Belzec.
1943- Warshaw uprise. Warshaw was home of the Ghettos and some Jews took it upon themselves to fight back. --Wasn't successful.
1944- As the war comes to the end, he intensifies killing the Jews.
1945- War is finally over. Hitler was defeated!
1947- The United Nations established a Jewish homeland in British.
Russia/Soviet Union/USSR
Russia dropped out of WW I due to the Bolshevik Revolution--turned Russia into a communist country.
Economically, it was in terrible shape
^Theory of Communism- The lower class rise up and over throw the rich; the government will fade away and create a classless society.
Vladimir Ulyanov(Lenin)
Lenin emerged as the leader of the communists.
Lenin was a big Marxist supporter
-Marx never outlined how exactly to reach a classless society so Lenin and the government took control of the economy and farms with a promise to eventually give it back to the peasants.
Lenin organized the country into a federation of republics
- The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Lenin died in 1924
Power struggled ensued between Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin.
Stalin would win.
Josef Stalin
Wanted to focus on building up the Soviet Union’s economy-WWI and the revolution.
Eliminated political opponents in great purges(800,000)
Wanted nationalization and collectivization of the economy
-gov’t took control of industry(nationalization)
-abolished private ownership(upset Kulaks)
-forced peasants to merge their land into large collective
farms(collectivization)
The Kulaks resisted and Stalin used the secret police to kill them
Stalin admitted that at least 10 million people died due to collectivization and famine
Five Year Plans
-Stalin’s idea of economic growth for industry and
agriculture
-Goals were to be met in a five year time frame
-Wasn’t until the third 5 Year Plan did the economy start
to improve
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