Talked about the quiz tomorrow. STUDY!!!!!!
Assigned blog for this week is another WWII movie.
Notes:
- the genocide of approximately six million European Jews durring WWII
- the total number of holocaust victims would be between 11 million and 17 million people
Who was killed in the Holocaust?
- Jews (6million)
- Gypsies (500,000 to 1.5 million)
- mentally/physically handicapped people (75,000 to 250,000)
- Soviet Slavs/POW's/ Troops (16.5 million)
- Polish (2.5 million)
- Homosexuals (5-15 thousand)
- communists/socialists (many but number not confirmed)
- dark skinned people
- mixed races
- Jehovah's Whitnesses (2,500-5,000)
What is the Aryan Race
- misused by the nazis to mean a so-called master race that originated around Germany
- perfect Aryan was blonde, blue eyed, tall and muscular
- The original term refers to a people speaking a Indo-European dialect
Lebensborn - Fount of Life
- the program ained to promote the growth of "superior" Aryan populations by providing excellent health care and living conditions to women and by restricting access to those deemed "fit"
- most lebensborn children were born to unwed mothers which helped led to many rumors of rape
- contrary to wide spread rumors, women were not forced to have relations with Aryan Germans
Nuremburg Laws 1935
1. Took away German citizenship from Jews thus making Jews second class citizens by removing their basic civil rights
2. established membership in the Jewish race as being anyone who either considered themselves Jewish or had three or four Jewish grandparents. People with one or two Jewish grandparents were considered to be mixed race
-eventually anyone with at least one Jewish grandparent was at risk in Nazi Germany
3. Jews could only marry Jews
4. No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews
1936
- Nazis boycott Jewish-owned businesses
Kristallnacht-1938 "Night of the Broken Glass"
- on the nights of November 9 and 10, 1938, gangs of Nazi youth roamed through Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows of Jewish businesses and homes, burnign synagogues and looting
- 101 synagogues were destroyed and almost 7,500 Jewish businesses were destroyed
1938
- All Jewish children are expelled from public schools in Germany and Austria
- Nazis take control of Jewish-owned businesses
1939
- hitler orders the systematic murder of the mentally and physically disabled in Germany and Austria
- Jews are repuired to wear armbands or yellow stars
1940
- Nazis begin deporting German Jews to poland
- Jews are forced into ghettos
- Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland
1941
- Jews throughout Eastern Europe are forced into ghettos
- in two days, German units shoot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at BabiYar- the largest single massacre of the Holocaust
- The death camp at Chelmno in Poland begins murdering Jews
1942
- Nazi officials announce "Final Solution" - their plan to kill all European Jews
- Five death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwits-Birkenau
- Ghettos of eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews are shipped to death camps.
- The US, Great Britian, and the Soviet Union acknowledge that Germans are exterminating the Jews of Europe
1943
- Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of deportations. These Jews hold out for nearly a month before the Nazis put down the uprising
1944
- Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews each day to Aushcwitz where they are murdered
1945
- Hitler is defeated and WWII ends in Europe
- the Holocaust is over and the death camps are emptied
- Many survivors are placed in displaced persons camps until they find a country willing to accept them
1947
- the United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British - controlled Palestine, which becomes the State of Israel in 1948
Russia/Soviet Union/USSR
Russia dropped out of WW I due to the Bolshevik Revolution
Economically, it was in terrible shape
Vladimir Ulyanov(Lenin)-USSR
Lenin emerged as the leader of the communists.
Lenin was a big Marxist supporter
-Marx never outlined how exactly to reach a classless society so Lenin and the government took control of the economy and farms with a promise to eventually give it back to the peasants.
Lenin organized the country into a federation of republics
- The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Lenin died in 1924
Power struggled ensued between Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin.
Stalin would win.
Josef Stalin
Wanted to focus on building up the Soviet Union’s economy
Eliminated political opponents in great purges(800,000)
Wanted nationalization and collectivization of the economy
-gov’t took control of industry(nationalization)
-abolished private ownership(upset Kulaks)
-forced peasants to merge their land into large collective
farms(collectivization)
The Kulaks resisted and Stalin used the secret police to kill them
Stalin admitted that at least 10 million people died due to collectivization and famine
Five Year Plans
-Stalin’s idea of economic growth for industry and
agriculture
-Goals were to be met in a five year time frame
-Wasn’t until the third 5 Year Plan did the economy start
to improve
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