We talked about the quiz tomorrow. Mein Kamp, Nazi propaganda, Holocaust- what it is, what Hitler did before- destroy businesses, ghettos, ect.
Nuremburg Laws 1935
- Took away German citizenship from Jews thus making Jews 2nd class citizens by removing their basic civil rights.
- Established membership in the Hewish race as bding anyone who either considered themselves Jewish or had 3 or 4 Jewish grandparent. People with 1 or 2 Jewish grandparents were considered to be mixed race.
- Eventually anyone with at least 1 Jewish gradparent was at rick in Nazi Germany.
- Jews could only marry Jews.
- No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews.
1936
- Nazis boycotted Jewish businesses.
1938
- Kristallnacht- 1938- Night of broken glass- Nov. 9 and 10 gangs on Nazi youth broke Jewish windows, burned synagogues, and looted, Jews were attacked.
- All Jewish kids are expelled from public schools in Germany and Austria.
- Nazis take control of Jewish owned businesses.
1939
- Hitler order the systamatic murder of the mentally and physically disabled in Germany and Austria.
- Jews have to wear yellow star or armband.
1940
- Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland.
- Jews are forced into ghettos,
- Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland.
1941
- Jews throughout Eastern Europe are forced into ghettos.
- In 2 days German units shoot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at BabiYar- the largest single massacre of the Holocaust.
- The death camp at Chelmno in Poland begins murdering Jews.
1942
- Nazi officials announce "final solution"- their plan to kill all European Jews.
- 5 death camps begin operation in Poland- Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau.
- Ghettos of Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews are shipped to death camps.
- The U.S. Great Britain, and Soviet Union acknowledge that Germans are exterminaiting the Jews of Europe.
1943
- Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of deportations, these Jews hold out for nearly a month before the Nazis put down the uprising, Jews fought back, not successfully.
1944
- Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered.
1945
- Hitler is defeated and WWII ends in Europe.
- The Holocaust is over and the death camps are emptied.
- Many surviveres are placed in displaced persons camps until they find a country willing to accept them.
1947
- The UN establishes a Jewsish homeland in British, controlled Palestine which becomes the State of Israel in 1948.
Nazi Science Experiments- in camps, Josef Mengele was the chief physician at Auschwitz.
Russia/Soviet Union/USSR
Russia dropped out of WWI due to the Bolshevik Revolution- turned Russia into a communnist country.
Economically, it was in terrible shape
Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin)
Lenin emerged as the leader of the communists.
Communisim- practice- like a dictatorship, gov. controls everything, media, have to have special permission to go there.
Communism- theory- lower class would rise up, overthrow rich and gov., and eventually it would be a class less society where everyone is equal.
Lenin was a big Marxist supporter
-Marx never outlined how exactly to reach a classless society so Lenin and the government took control of the economy and farms with a promise to eventually give it back to the peasants.
Lenin organized the country into a federation of republics
-The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Lenin died in 1924
Power struggled ensued between Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin.
Stalin would win.
Josef Stalin
Wanted to focus on building up the Soviet Union’s economy- not good, got out of WWI and revolution.
Eliminated political opponents in great purges (800,000)
Wanted nationalization and collectivization of the economy
-gov. took control of industry (nationalization)
-abolished private ownership (upset Kulaks)
-forced peasants to merge their land into large collective farms (collectivization)
The Kulaks resisted and Stalin used the secret police to kill them
Stalin admitted that at least 10 million people died due to collectivization and famine
Five Year Plans
-Stalin’s idea of economic growth for industry and agriculture
-Goals were to be met in a five year time frame
-Wasn’t until the third 5 Year Plan did the economy start to improve
Russia focused on quantity, U.S. focused on quality, people in Soviet Union were struggling.
Japanese invasion of Manchuria- 1931 invade northern part of China- Manchuria, they got desperate for resouces because of Great Depression, Japan was hurt by high tariff U.S. put on them, Japanese military took over. Legue of Nations condemed the actions.
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