1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?
Militarism, imperialism, and nationalism. Assassination in Sarajeu. Alliances.
MINSA is an acronym
Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
System of alliances
Assassination - spark that started the war
2. What were the major alliances of WWI?
Central PowersTriple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungry, Italy ~AlliesTriple Entente- Britian, Russia, France (Italy, Japan, U.S.)~The great powers before WW1 were Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Russia, Austria - Hungary. Central Powers were Italy, Germany, and Austria - Hungary, and in 1882 was when they became an alliance. Entente or Allied Powers were Russia, Japan, United States, France, and Great Britian, and in 1907 was when they became an alliance. United States wanted to stay neutral. US joined in 1917 because Germans sank Lusitania, a cruse ship, which was headed for Britian. Italy wtarted as a central power and then changed to the allied powers.
3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?
expand, avenge military defeats, weaken economy, quicker route, wanted to be #1,free people~Germany - remove France as a competitor, obtain colonies in Europe, Middle east, and Africa, build up its military
Austria Hungary - take control of Serbia and protect the border between them and Italy
Italy - gain control of the Irrendenta(Austria Hungary) and acquire colonies from Germany
Turkey - unify country, expand nation by obtaining colonies, gain resources and boost their economy
France - Retake Alsace - Lorraine, wanted to weaken German'y industrial power, emerge as a europeoan and world power
Russia - remove Germany as a challenger for land, become a cheif military power once again, be in command of the Bosphours Strait, help Serbia with Austria Hungary
Great Britian - perserve its status as a super power, to stay a head of other countris, had to weaken Germany's military power, defend Belgium and France, wanted land from Germany
United States - aimed for peace throughout Europe after the war, make sure that the allied powers pay off their debt, Wilson's 14 points
4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?
Bettle of Verdun - started February 21, 1916 - France and Germany fought - France won
1st battle of Marne - started September 5, 1914 - France and United Kingdom fought against the Germans - France and the United Kingdom won
2nd battle of Ypres - started April 22, 1915 - France, Africa, United Kingdom, Canada, and British India fought against the Germans - stalemate
1st battle of Somme - started July 1, 1916 - British and French fought against the Germans - inclacusive
1st battle of Champagne - started December 20, 1914 - France fought agains the Germans - no one won
1st battle of Liege - Started August 5, 1914 - Belgium fought against Germany -
Battle of Tannenberg - started August 23, 1914 - Germans and Russians -
Battle for Gallipoli - started April 25, 1915 - ended January 9. 1916 - Turkey versus Britain, Germany, Austria Hungary
Battle of Flers - Courcelette - started September 15. 1916 - ended September 22, 1916
5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?
Battle of Heligoland Bight - on August 28, 1914 - Great Britain fought Germany - Great Britain won - fought in the North Sea
Battle of Dogger Bank - on January 24, 1915 - Great Britain fought Germany - Great Britain won - fought in the North Sea
Battle of Jutland - May 31, 1916 to June 1, 1916 - Germany fought Great Britain - Great Britain won - fought in the North Sea
6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?
Woodrow Wildon issued a Declaration of Neutraility
Zimmerman note-letter sent by auther zimmerman to someone in u.s. and intercepted my british, germany wanted mexico to join war against us.
American farms and factories fed and armed Europe's armies
American manufactures, amunition makers, and agricultural producers were eager to make money on the need for goods
7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?
Unrestriced submarine warfare - type of warefare in which submarines sing non navel boats without warning, Germans sank the Lusitania which was a key reason for US joining WW1
American Propaganda - increase support for the war, it urged people to plant victory gardens, join the war, greater war production
German dictatorship
US business interests
Zimmerman note - German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann ws the man who wrote the telegram, it was sent to German Nimister to Mexico, von Eckherdt, German empire wanted Mexico to make war against the US, the British deciphered the telegram, the American press published it in newspapers, another big reason for the US entering the war
8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?
Second Battle of Marne
Battle of Belleauwood
Battle Lehamel
9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?
Schleiffen Plan
Hindenburg Line
French Plan XVII
Austria - Hungary: Plans B and R
Russia: Plan 19 ( Plan A)
10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?
Sand bags, fighting lines, trenches, machiene guns, dirt, gas, tanks, trench knifes and bayonettes, grenades, rifels, pistols, submariens, and air crafts.
11. Describe trench warfare.
They fought from behind trenches that were usually 12 feet deep but they got trench foot from being in the trench all day and there were rodents and insects. frags wouldnt be thrown into trench beacuse it had protective barbwire. they used dirt as a barrier. deeper the trench= the better. trench men wore helmets, and gas masks, and carried machine guns. -fighting line of trenches where troops are immune to enemy small arms fire and some artillery
-area between trenches "no man's land"
-"Shell shock"- nervous break down of soldiers
12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.
What we did back home to help with the war.
Women's roles at Home-
victory gardens, farming, working in factories, trash pick up, knitted sock and clothes, raise money, anything to help support the men
Government propaganda-
Committee of Public information (CPI), they issued pamphlet and films
Conservation-
food especially meat
13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.
1. end to secret treaties
2. freedom of the seas
3. free trade for all countries
4. disarmament
5. end to colonial claims
6. self determination for all countries (especially Russia) let them determine their government system
7. restoration of Belgium
8. Restoration of France
9. Readjustment of Italy's Borders
10. Austria-Hungary would be given oppertunity for annomaus development
11. Romaina, Seberia, and Montenegro should be evacuated and restored
12. Turkey should be independent
13. Poland would be given their independence
14. The "league of nations" would be developed
14. Describe the points of the Treaty of Versailles.
15. Why did the US never pass the Treaty of Versailles?
-peace settlement in 1918.
. Why did the Allied Powers win WWI?
17. Describe the impact WWI had on the world.
18. How did countries react to the Treaty of Versailles?
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