We did projects again today.
The Nile River: Grew wheat, grain, beer, bread, lettuce, fruit trees 3 seasons:
Akhet- flooding season Peret- Growing season Shemu- Harvesting season
bulit mud-brick reservoirs to trap and hold water used Shadufs to life water from the canals cattle, goats, pigs, ducks Had a surplus of crops because of the Nile so the economy would flourish
Social status: King- ruler Ruling class- high importance to the king Craftmen- made tools and weapons Farmers- common man Slaves- paid in beer
Agriculture: Nile deposited the nutrients for growing food
Culture: Religion- Polytheistic religion or believing in multiple gods Wrote using Hieroglyphics Buildings and structures: Bulit houses out of mud bricks, Pyramids, large boats for travel, Rigid structures
Geography: Deserts to the East and West of the Nile and mountains to the east Every spring the river would flood because of the surplus of water in the mountains Only river that flows north Nile gets a lot of water fromt the mountains and plateaus the deserts to the east and west acted a natural barriers between the other lands The flooding of the Nile was very predictable
Conclusion: Gods were in human form, economy was based on the flooding of the Nile.
The ending of the Kindoms
Mesoptamia: Irrgation was good and bad for the civilization Water would leave salt behind Babylonian empire ended around 1600 B.C.
Nile: Ended because of the flooding Egyptians had control then the Greeks then the Egyptians again and finally the Romans Was home to the Egyptian Empire till the Romans took control around 1700 B.C.
Indus: Ended around 1300 B.C. Floods didnt fertilzed the soil People on the Indus were Buddhists of Ladahk
Yellow River: Ended around 1046 B.C. Flows through 9 provinces of China and empties into the Bohai Sea Wei Valley is the birthplace of many Chinesse civilizations
Indus River:
Harappa: Patially built on Mud-brick platforms to prevent flooding
They were literate people so they knew how to read and write
Mohenjo-Daro:
only civilization to have a privite bathroom and toilet in their houses
means hill of the dead
Geography:
Good soil for farming
across 6 countries
Culture:
animals were important
Importance: feed ecosystem of temperate forests planes and arid country side, used for trading and irrigation, longest most important river in Pakistan,
Mesopotmia:
means between the rivers.
northern Mesopotmia is made up of hills and plains
land is fertile due to seasonal rain
Sourtern made up of marshy areas and wide flat areas
Ancient Mesopotamia is also called crescent
Culture:
Songs written for the gods and some for important events
Woman rarely individuals
Had over 3,00 gods
Each city had a certain god
Irrigation:
Annual flood unpredictable
Many droughts
Canals first around 6000 B.C.
Bulit dams to hold back water
History:
Mesopotamia had constant warfare
Babylonia was the capital of ancient Mesopotamia(Babylon)
Cities of Ancient Mesopotamia:
Summer- "land of the civilized lords" or "Native land"
1st 5 city-states:
Eridu, Bad-Tibira, Larsa, Sippar, and Shuruppak
Resources:
Had no forests for wood; lacked buliding materials
Few mountains or natural barriers which made it easy to invade.
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