Presentaions:
Gods and Goddesses
Religions
- Roman religion was born out of Greek mythology
- similar Gods with different names
- Zeus-Jupiter
- Poseidon-Neptune
- Hades-Pluto
- Aphtodite-Venus
- Hera-Juno
- Ares-Mars
Government of Athens
Type:
- government changed from a tyranny to a democracy
- Tyranny- autocratic rulers who governed by decree
- Athens created the first democracy- direct democracy
- people vote to make their own rules and laws
Who was allowed to Participate?
- only citizens
- men were considered citizens
- woman, slaves, and foreigners were not
- if a childs paretns were not citizens, the child was not considered a citizen
Branches and Bodies of the Government
- The Assembly
- any man was allowed to attend
- they were held 40 times a year on a hillside auditorium
- majority rules
- The counsil (Boule)
- supervised government workers
- in charge of navy ships and army horses
- The courts
- most powerful
- 500 jurors were chosen everyday to serve
- jurora had to be males over the age of 30
- no rules on what kind of cases could be tried in court
- majority rules
Did the people like it?
- yes, they could speak their minds and all of the citizens could participate
- peacefully settle disputes
- age restrictions
- paid for service
- included rich and poor
Critics
- many critics-bot ancient and modern
- Why?
- only men could vote
- there were no womans rights
- limited citizenship
- slavery
- money and power still had advantages
Key Players
- Perciles- leader for 30 years
- Solon-introduced many new government reforms
- Cleithenes-"Father of Democracy"
Elections
- didn't have elections for the Counsil
- 500 names were drawn from all the people of Athens
- 50 from each of the Athenian Tribes
- Those 500 people had to serve as the lawmakers for one year
- after one year, 500 more were drawn
Notes: Macedonia
Geography
- cold climate
- people lived mostly in the mountain villages instead of the city-states like Athens had
Not seeing eye to eye
- most of the Macedonian nobles referred to themselves as Greeks
- greeks thought that the Madcedonians were barbaric and ont as civilized as the Greeks
- What other civilization did the Greeks treat this way?
Changes
- after the Peloponisian war several greak city-states were very weak economically and militaristically
- When there i weakness or a struggle there is usually a predator or someone else to take advantage of the opportunity. IN this case, it was Macedonia
Leadership
- Phillip 2nd was the king of Macedonia aroud 360 BC
- only 23 would he would become king
- brilliant general
- was able to train peasants into warriors
- his dream was to take over Greece and avenge the Persian Invasion of Greece in 480 BC
- invade Persia
- Phillips Tactics
- organized his army into phalanxes of 16 men across by 16 men deep
- all 256 ment had to work together for this formation to work correctly
- after the phalanx had broke thought the enamy's line, he would then send in cavalry to crush the disorganized or retreating opponents
COnquest for Greece
- an Athenian orator named Demosthenes tried to watn the Greeks of the threat of Phillip and told them to prepare an army
- the city-states of Greece couldn't come up with united response
- finally Athens and Thebes decide to standup to Phillip but it was too late
- Greek independence was lost to King Phillip of Macendonia
New Leader
- Next on Phillips agenda was to invade Persia
- he was unable to do this
- at his daughters wedding, he was stabbed to death by one of his former guardsmen
- his son immediately proclaimed himself kind of Macedonia. His name was Alexander, later known as Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great
- was taught by Aristotle
- spread Hellenistic culture
- very smart, kept a copy of the Iliad under his pillow to remind him of the heroic of Achilels in teh Trogen war
- he wanted to show his power eary, and when the people of THebs rebelled, hedestroyed their city and took over 6,000 peoples lives
- the survivors lived to tell the story
Questions:
Do you think that Alexander should have punished the people of Thebes so harshly? Why or why not?
paragraph answer
Yes and no. I think that he felt as though he needed to punish them really hard so that he could get his point across. But then again im not sure that the way that he punished them was the right way to do it.
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