Tuesday, April 3rd

[6Kenzie]

1. Selective Training and Service Act

•  Instituted the draft! 
• First peacetime draft in US History
• Used till 1973

2. Women's role in WWII

• (Rosie the Riveter)
• Nursing
• Working in factories
• Typists, waitresses, bus drivers, etc
• Women's Navy / WASP (test planes)
• "Tokyo Rose" Iva Toguri (taunted troops) 

3. African-American's role in WWII

•  Not seen as equals yet
• Many were in the war but were segregated 
• Weren't allowed on the front line (thought couldn't handle it) at first
• Used as janitors, etc first
• Tusegee Airman proved they could fly
• If didn't fight, worked in factories / farmed

4. Asian's role in WWII

•  After Pearl Harbor, they were forced to leave their homes
• Many of them volunteered to serve in the war to prove their loyalty
• Had to wear tags so they knew they were Japanese Americans 

5. Hollywood's role in WWII

•  Bob Hope - entertained the troops (comedian)
• Looney Tunes! 
• USO 
• Judy Garland, Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Mickey Rooney, The Rockettes 

6. Office of Price Administration

•  Set up by FDR
• Before involved in WW2
• Set up how much the ration coupon books were supposed to allow people to buy
• No toys because they weren't allowed steel
• No silk or nylon
• Gas rationed
• 4 gallons of gas per week

7. War Production Board

•  Kept up with supplies for WW2 
• Made sure we made as much as we could! 

8. National War Labor Board

•  Help stop fights / arguing between companies

9. How the US Homefront helped win the war

•  Women stepped up; war production 
• Hollywood; kept troops entertained (kept war positive - propaganda)

10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats

•  Able to make a lot of ships
• Changed our Navy Code so couldn't determine where we were
• We sunk a bunch of their U-boats

11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic

•  (Spying)
• Ultra/Magic - Broke their codes so knew where they were going; what they were going to do!
• Ultra (Secret) -- German code (BY BRITAIN)
• Magic -- Japanese code (BY US)
• Speed
• Convoy System - power in numbers
• Huff Duff - radio below surface
• Radar 

12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)

•  Ordered him to cut off production 
• GERMAN INVADED RUSSIA
• Lebenraum (living space in Russia for German people)
• Wanted for farmland
• Could use the people as slave labor
• Isolate the Allies
• Hitler was getting bored.. 
• German Army in USSR was split: 
• 1. Army Group North whose main goal was Leningrad
• -it's a siege, not invade 
• 2. Army Group Center whose main goal was Moscow - key city - made hitler mad
• -he took over and made military decisions, german officers started to go against hitler
• 3. Army Group South Salingrad

13. Battle in Africa and Italy

 Africa: 

• Started on May 11th
• Invasion of Marraco
• German General: Erwin Rommel - turned on Hitler; committed suicide
• Benard Montgomery: British General

Italy: 

• US & Canada invaded Cicily 
• Allies wanted to move into main Italy - 1943
• Wanted to get city of Naples
• Allies won
• Rome next - 1944 got control
• Florence 
• August 25th got through Gothic Line

14. US Generals-

Marshall:

• Organizer to victories, given Noble Peace Award
• US General
• Chief Staff of Military

Eisenhower:

• D-Day Invasion
• US General
• Supreme Commander of Allied Forces

Patton:

• Officer
• Famous US General - Fought in Africa and then later in Europe

MacArthur:

• Chief of Staff in Army

Nimitz:

Bradley:

 

15. D-Day-Operation Overlord

• Code for Battle of Normandy
•  June 6th, 1944
• Postponed to that day; June 5th before because weather
• Took place in France - Allie Invasion of Nazi Controlled
• 2 Part Process
• 1. An Airborne Assault
• Landing of Allied Infantry and Armored Divisions on the coast of France
• Decoy Operations - distract German forces
• 10,000 Casualties 
• Atlantic Wall - systems of costal fortifications built by Germans

16. Battle of the Bulge

•  Largest and Costliest for US
• Germany's last offensive in Western Front
• Succecessful at first - caught by surprise 
• In Belgium
• Caused a lot of confusion for the new troops
• Snowiest / Coldest winter
• Germans created a Bulge in the Front Line

17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over

 

18. VE Day

 

19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,

 

20. Navajo Code Talkers

•  Made code using their Navajo language
• No one else knew it (Japanese, etc couldn't study it because nothing on it!)

21. Doolittle's Raid

•  Bombing on Japan
• Wasn't to destroy but to show that we can fight back
• The US didn't have any of their planes come back
• A lot of military guys that it was a waste of time -- suicide mission for pilots

22. Manhattan Project

•  Used bombs on Hiroshima
• Code name for making atomic bomb
• Killed 90% of the town

23. Hiroshima bombing

•  Radiation - Cancer
• Figured millions of Americans would have died

24. Nagasaki bombing

•  Not intended to be 2nd at first
• Couldn't hit the necessary area because of clouds 
• Japanese were told everything was fine right before
• Plantonian 
• Little bit less of damage
• Everything went wrong (clouds, contained by mountains, ran out of gas, 

25. VJ Day

•  August 14th, 1945 - Japan surrendered this ending WW2

26. Yalta Conference

•  Talk about post war Europe
• Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt
• Germany was going to be de-militarized
• Germany broken into 4 occupation zones - US, GB, France, USSR
• Stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe
• Stalin promised to join the war against Japan after war with Germany was over
• Have a conference at San Francisco to set up the United Nations

27. Nuremburg Trials

• War trials after 
• (Came out about the killings that went on and having to deal with it after)

28. Japanese Internment Camps in US

• Almost like a "summer camp"
• Entertainment, job opportunities, education
• Only can take what fit in smalls amounts of bags
• Paid to work

29. Why did the Allies win WWII?

• We broke their code and they couldn't break ours! 
• magic & ultra
• navajo code talk
• we had better technology; atomic bombs
• tons of natural resources
• Hitler's mistakes; Invasion of Italy, overextended his troops..too many places, 

30. GI Bills of Rights

• Transition soliders back into regular life after fighting overseas

Cold War Presentations 

-Cold War: A political, streategic, and idiloigical struggle between the US and Soviet Union, 1945-1991

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