Test topics for tomorrow:
Women's role, factories-war production board, war bonds, japanese relocation camps, propaganda, war rationing- office of price administration, hollywood in WWII, the story of "Kilroy was here."
Blog Discussion:
womens role: worked in factories and in farms, nurses, secretaries. every branch in the military had a place for women but they could not fight or have any training.
homefront: the home country of the country at war. where people created supplies.
war production board: made sure factories were efficient and produced as much as possible. we made more products than all other allied powers combined.
national war labor board: the picture shows US over a worker and an owners hand shaking. because "together we win" they didn't want workers to go on strike.
war bonds: funded the war.
japanese relocation camps: we were afraid they were spies so we relocated them. they weren't killed. some died because they lacked medical attention. were put in desert areas.
propaganda- to convince people of a way to think. ads that helped people do their part and convince them of a certain way to think.
rationing: people only got a certain amount of food and other resources so that we could supply everyone. we didnt want the rich people to buy everything and sell it on the black market to make profit.
hollywood: actors made films about the war. would preform for the troops- USO Tour. USO- United Service Organization, founded by Bob Hope ( famous comedian)
Kilroy- made after James Kilroy he inspected ships and if it was okay he would right kilroy was here. then whenever troops made it overseas they wrote kilroy was here on the ships as a joke. people thought he was a spy or a super soldier. people began to write it on everything.
US in Africa: US was in north africa, a lot of tank battles. very open area, desert area. the bad french, germany, and italy were against US, britain, australia, canada, and the free french. started in 1940, we didn't get involved in 42, ended in 43. decided to invade africa instead of france because it was the weakest area for the germans.
battle of coral sea- first battle in history fought by only airplanes taking off from aircraft carriers on the sea. moral victory for the US. gave us a moral boost because we stopped japan.
midway- japan tried to plan another sneak attack but we found out about it. shortly after coral sea. victory for the united states. navy sunk 4 japanese carriers and japan only sunk one of ours. wanted midway to extend their defense perimeter.
iwo jima- d-day style invasion. japan let us onto the beaches easily but they were waiting for us in the mountains. lost just under 7,000 people. lost a lot of people on these islands.
Philippines- attacked on the same day as pearl harbor. the japanese defeated us. baton death march- US soldiers that were captured were forced to march to a new camp 100 miles away. many died of lack of medical attention, dehydration, starvation. we wanted to take it back. macarthur didnt want to leave the phillippines, so he promised to come back, and he did.
okinawa- longer battle, very big island, lasted 82 days. japanese island. didn't end until japan surrendered. very bloody battle. over 100,000 casualties.
J Robert Oppenheimer- communist that created the atomic bomb.
manhattan project- development of the atomic bomb. general groves was in charge of it and didn't want to be. wanted to be on the front lines. los Alamos, new mexico was where it was developed. Alamogordo, new mexico was the first place that an atomic bomb ever went off. most people that were there actually had no idea what they were doing. once you went there you couldn't leave until it was over. trinity was the code name. was dropped from a tower, not an airplane.
hiroshima bombing- "little boy" killed 90-166,000 people. half of the deaths occurred within the first two days. 90% of doctors died within the first 2 days. died of radiation, fires, falling buildings. the plane missed its target by 800ft. were told only to drop the bomb if they could see their target. had a couple different possible cities to hit.
nagasaki bombing- wasn't the #1 place they wanted to bomb. 5th choice. didn't want to bomb a cultural or religious city. "fat man" a lot like hiroshima but didn't do as much damage. 40% of nagasaki was destroyed. 87,000 people died. weighed 10,000 pounds. the plane that dropped it ran out of gas just as it was landing. almost everything went wrong on this mission.
yalta conference- february 1945. three months before germany surrendered. 1. germany would be broken into four occupation zones, US GB France and USSR would each control one zone. 2. stalin promised free elections in eastern europe. 3. stalin promised to join the war against japan after war with germany was over. 4. have a conference at san francisco to set up the united nations.
potsdam conference- Indochina- temporarily divide vietnam at the 17th parallel. Japan would surrender to GB in the south and China in the north. Germany- demilitarization, denazification, democratization. prosecution of nazi war criminals, all land that german took would be given back to the original countries. reduced in size, anyone that was german had to live in germany. destroy german industries that make war materials.
The Potsdam Declaration- stated that if Japan did not surrender it would face "prompt and utter destruction".
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