Ch. 5.1:
-Describe Native American culture.before:
they didnt try to mess with the land, didnt have technolgy, no guns, didnt waste anything, each had different languages, most were nomatic, some didnt it depended on what they did for food.
after:
more into guns, forced out of there habitates, forced into certain places in the land, didnt have bufflo because eurpeans were killing they off. many died because of dieases and wars with each other. had to change religions and languges.
-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?
it was getting crowded over on the eastern part, also the gold rush was going on in california so people wanted money and riches.
-How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?
-Describe a cowboy's life.- 14 hours a day. the cowboy age started at 14 and ended around the age of 40. carried guns to protect themselves.
cowboys preform a for step process:
1)gather as many longhorns as possible
2)starve them so they would eat
long drives lasted about 3 months. took one cook, one wrangler and 300 cattle
the boss was incharge of negotiating
used barbwire fences.
the open range was basically them just roaming.
Ch. 5.2:
-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?
act said that said that 160 acres was feet to a citizen or family 6 hundred thousand people took advantage of this only about 10% of the land was used in this
-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?
droughts, blizzards, floods, fires, and locst plagues and sometimes raids by native americans and outlaws
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?it was hard work. in 1837 john deer made the steel plow
new equipment cost alot of money so they went into debt. it cost more to ship from the west unlike the east.
farmers didnt like being taken advantage. eventrually went into a common cause and farm organizations
1847 reaping machine. in the beging it took 45 mins for a busel of corn and it took 1900 it only took 10 mins
Ch. 5.3:
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?
-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?
Ch. 6.1:
-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?
the finding of oil. the government supporting businesses, growing urban population, and steel production cheaper
-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?
electricity, typewriter was in 1867 invented by christopher sholes, lightbulb, telephone was in 1867 was invented by alexander graham bell.
Ch. 6.2:
-What impact did railroads have on the US?
they could travel and ship things just about amywhere, brought adventure, fresh start, railroad workers were killed on the job, emloyed thousands of chinese workers
-Why were many people upset with the railroads?
didnt treat the chinese railroad workers good. told stock holders it was gunna be real expensive but it wasnt and they kept the extra cash.
farmers:
would take land from them . tax them if railroads were on there land. they were trying to keep farmers indebt
-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?
railroads had to bring down prices for them to ride on the train. and they also got laws passed to get rid of discrimination from rich and poor. a granger law helped the farmers fought back and the states could regulate how much or how pricey it was to ride on the rail road.
Ch. 6.3:
-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.
poor family. from scotland. became one of the richest person in the world.
started his own steel mill and he manufactored more than any of them in great britan.
his management practices became widespread.
he tried to gain power as much as he could in the steel product. he tried to get a monoply on the steel manufactoring.
monopoly- a business that trys to take/buy out other busineses that make.
-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.
standard oil company was the oil company (largest oil comany in the world)that he build or created. it was in ohio. he controled 90% of the refining business. they called him thr robber barrens becuase he drove their busness out of business. very rich. dontated 500 million to university of chicago for medical institution to help cure yellow fever. richest person in the world. people respected him and hated him at the same time.
-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?
hard work, shrewd investments and busineess practices. scientist believed it could be explanined scientifically. according to social darwinisms said that riches werre a sign of gods favor and the poor were suppose to be lazy. he also said that if you leave people alone they can do it. it kinda also stated survial of the fitest. business- thats how businesses said that big businesses were suppose to buy out small businesses. some businesses believed in this. others didnt.also had mergers. if business bought out their competion they could set up a monoploy
-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).
horizontal intergration is where one company is trying to buy out another company.
veritical intergration is where you control aspect of transportaion, selling, and distributing products.
trusts-
-How did the government try to regulate business?
they created the sherman anititrust act. it made it so you cant trade with free states or other countries.
-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?
labor unions was a group of people who went on strike and the leader would talke to managers for the coorporation to try to get better hours, better pay,
-Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.
some of them yes. others no. they helped with working conditions, pay, benefits.
many did have strikes to get there goals and some did acheive them.
strikes:
homestead- carnegie steel company because henry frick that he was gonna cut wages and working conditions were poor. frick hired detectives to stop the strike. 3 detectives and 9 workers died the plant became closed. and the national guard got involved in it in july and it ended in november.
pullman campany- 3000-5800 workers got the people who didnt get laid off got 25%-50% wage cuts. most homes only got 6 bucks a week. the presdient got involved and ended the strike
women organizer- mary harris jones- she wanted equal pay for equal work for women. fought for labor laws. and she took thousands of children to the capital. and she was the main reason for child labor laws being passes.
Ch. 7.1:
-Why did immigrants come to the US?
to earn money, escape harsh conditions, such as famine, land shortages, and religious persecution, rising population, and and independance, gold rush, and railraodes, jobs were hard to find.
-Where did immigrants come from?
europe, chineia, japan, jamaica, cuba, puerto rico, mexico, west indies,
-What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?
crowded ships, dieases, no toliets, couldnt get excesie had to sleep on lice-infested bunks, couldnt go outside. living conditons were bad. and they had to learn the language and they didnt know what people were saying and finding religions. they had new idetities( the chineses)
-Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?
too many people coming over. called it the melting pot. chinese started taking jobs because they were cheap labor. and they kept the wages low. the chinese exclusion act banned anybody but students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officals. people didnt like there skin color. eventually was extened to japanese and asian people.
Ch. 7.2
-Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
they told farmers that if they went to live in the city that they were garenteed jobs, and they were bankrupt so it was easier to move there to get jobs. railraods and trolleys expanded the boundaries of the cities and expaned people coming to live there. cities offered jobs for people who didnt really have any skills. we tried to americanise immigrants. when the mcCormich reaper and the steal plow increased the efficentcey and so there werent as many farmers needed.
-What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?
not alot of places to live. places of more than one family livng in a house was called a tenements. they were very unsaintay. and new york city set up minimum standards for living to help better the city. they had garbage collection but it didnt work very well. they even tried pigs. that didnt work. Fires
-What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
they came up with the social gospel movement which was a very religious movement that said that you can get salvation by helping the poor. it was organised by jane adams. they created homes and houses for people to live in they were in slum neighborhoods. they included food, education, a place to sleep and anything to help the poor.
Ch. 7.3
-What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?
its a building. it runs the day to day business of a party. helped people get homes, jobs, money, did alot for poor people, in turn for voting.
-Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
boss tweed was the new york city political boss. he hired and fired police officers. very conpht. worked in tammany hall.
-What caused all this corruption in government?
rich people, becuase of the kickback system, and the white rich male were in control of alot of things. and they dominated society. kickback system,favors to big business, political boss hires/fires police, tweed,
-What laws came about to reform government?
Pendleton Civil Service Act- it stated that to get a government job you had to take a test to to prove you could handle and do government jobs.
-Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
reformed
Ch. 8.1:
-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?
Ch. 8.2:
-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
Ch. 8.3:
-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?
-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.
Ch. 8.4:
-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900's.
Comments