Islam Grows
New Leader
- after Muhammad died in 632 the Muslim community needed to make the decision on who would be their next religions leader.
- They selected one of Muhammad's good friends named Abu- Bakr to become the first CALIPH meaning successor
Issues
- Not everyone was welcoming of the Caliph
- Some tribes around the Arabian Peninsula abandoned Islam completely
- others wouldn't pay taxes
- some individual even declared themselves to be prophets.
Attempts to resolve
- Abu-Bakr declared a JIHAD which has two meanings
- 1 an inner struggle with evil
- 2 an armed struggle against non-believer
Expansion by military
- the Muslim comm began to expand under Abu- Bakr as well
- the next 3 caliphers after Abu- Bakr expanded into the Sassanid and Byzantine empires
Reasons for success
- they did well in conquests between these empires because they had been fighting each other for many years before this
- well disciplined
- great leaders
- the 2 empires weren't tolerant of the religions in their conquered area so their Muslims in the empires would often help the other Muslims that invade the empires
Treatment of Conquered people
- the Qur'an does not allow for Muslims to force others to convert to this religion
- Muslims allowed the Christians and Jews to practice their religions but they couldn't spread it
- they made the Christians and Jews pay a tax however because they did not fight for the Islam military groups
Research
groups of 2-3
Islam split
- why did this happen
- when was the major split
- who are the key players (groups) in the split
3 paragraphs if 2 people 4 paragraphs if 3 people
Include terms: Umayyads, Shi'a, Sunni, Sufi, and Abbasids
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