Persian War
-iron replaced the bronze as a stronger and cheaper material and allowed the common man to be able to afford to fight
-Phalanx- military formation in which soldiers formed a block with a spear in one hand and a shield in the other.
-this war was fought between Greece and the Persian empire.
-the Ionian revolt was led by the Ionians, aided by the Athenians, and taken down by Darius the Great.
-Persian fleet of 25,000 landed in Marathon. 10,000 Athenians met them there, and after heavy losses, the Persians fled.
-the keys to the Athenians victory was their rigorous training, home-field advantage, more motivated to defend Athens than the Persians were to taking Athens, and the Phalanx.
-the runner Pheidippides was the man who ran the 26 miles from marathon to Athens to bring the news of victory. i quickly died after his message was heard.
-Xerxes was Darius the great's son, and he took an enormous army with him to complete his father's dream of destroying Athens
-the battle of Thermopylae was on a narrow mountain pass near Athens. 7000 Greeks and 300 Spartans lasted for three days straight against the massive Persian force.
-the Greeks were told to go home to be able to fight another day as the famous 300 fought and died along side of their leader Leonidus.
-the final major battle was the battle of Salamis. the Greeks abandoned Athens, and fought on the sea. the Greeks took out 1/3 of the Persian forces at sea, and from then on, the Persians were the ones on the defensive
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