Ch. 7.3
What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?
government organizations that tried to get people into office,
Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
he stole a lot of money, Tweed Ring- the people who helped him steal money
What caused all this corruption in government?
patronage- is the giving of government jobs to someone who help get a candidate elected, many people were put into positions they weren't qualified for and only used in for personal gain, this was also called the spoils system,
What laws came about to reform government?
reformers eventually began attempting to eliminate patronage and replace it with a merit system of hire- the job went to the most qualified person and not to someone with similar political views, close friends, or family members.
civil service reform made progress during the presidencies of Hayes, Garfield and Arthur
Garfield- although he couldn't get congress to support reform he found other other ways to fight against patronage
Pendleton Civil Service Act- many federal positions would be filled on the basis of competitive exams, rather than handed out as favors
Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
reform president.
Ch. 8.1:
-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?
technological advances began to meet the nation's needs for communication, transportation, and space.
architects were able to build bigger sky scrapers due to the invention of elevators and development of the internal steel skeletons, new railroads,
printing- mills began producing huge amounts of paper made out of pulp from trees. it was much more durable, the new electrically powered press was much more efficient than the old way
aviation- Wilbur and Orville Wright were bike manufacturers in Dayton, Ohio, starting messing around engines to hold things heavier than air in air, the glider, Wright brother put an internal combustion engine on a newly designed biplane, first successful flight was in Kittyhawk, North Carolina, first flight lasted 12 seconds, 120 feet,
photographer- instead of using heavy glass plates and the dark rooms, they took film covered with some sort of gel, invented the Kodak
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