Ch. 7.1:
immigrants- a person who migrates into another try usually for permentant residence
emigrates a person who emigrates from his or her native country or region
Why did immigrants come to the US?
euro peans
between 1870 and 1920 20 million europeans had inngrated to the us
they came to escape religious persecution
whole villages of jews were driven out of russia
chinese and japanese
china
gold rush
jobs: building railroads
jobs after the railroads were built were farming, mining domestic serve, some stared their own business
Jamaica , Cuba, peurto Rico, and other eslands. the jobs there were scarce, the us industrial boom offered jobs to everyone
7% of Mexico's population came over
transportation
from Europe took one week
from Asia it nearly took three weeks
steerage was the cheapes way to trave usually in cago holds
crowded, often in gloom, no fresh air, rarely allowed on deck
Where did immigrants come from?
europe, china, asia, japan, jamaica, cuba, peurto rico, and other islands
What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?
elis island
new york harbor
2% were denied entry they were sent to an inspector
he would check documents, made sure they did not have any felonies
angel island
mainly only Chinese and Japanese came through
had long intense questioning detained in filthy shacks
Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?
nativism-favoritism toward native born americans
nativist thought that immigrants from the right country such as germans, english , scandanavians were okay, countries that were progressive historically free
thought problems were caused by latins, and asians
they were mostly against the religion they practiced such as Roman Catholics
a naticist group in 1887 launched attacks against Catholics
many colleges, businesses social clubs refused Jews
in 1917 a bill was passed requiring immigrants to be able to read 40 words in english or in their own language, even thought it was vetoed by the president
anti asian sentiment
chinese exclusion act
banned entry to all Chinese except students, tourists, gov officials, and teachers
happened because of the depression of 1873 jobs were scares and people feared the jobs would to to the Chinese,since they worked for lower wages
japanese in 1906 they were segragated into different schools
the japanese disliked this
Ch. 7.2
-Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
Americanization movement
bring people together to form a dominant culture
allowed freedom of their own language
-What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?
Jane Adams:
hull house
antiwar activist
source of inspiration
wanted better care for infants
settlement house
sent nurses into the homes of the sick and provided air
provided ed and social services
serve the poor
staffed by women
inspired by the social gospel movement-preaching salvation by helping service
water
shortage of safe drinking water
very little indoor plumbing
collected water to bathe
diseases: cholera and typhoid fever
lack of water: fires spreading
fire
lack of water: fires spread quickly
wood dwellings susceptible to fire
hazard: candles and kerosene heaters
enemy of the city
crime
theft and pick pocketing increased
law enforcement too small to make impact
What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
transportation
mass transit-designed to move large numbers of people
housing
tenements-multi family urban dwelling
over crowded and unsanitary
a family would share a room with 4-5 families in a place that should holy be for one family
housing options:
buy outside of town and face transportation problems
rent cramped rooms
sanitation
no garbage collection
sewer flowed freely
lack of hygiene living condition
dead horses and manure often found on streets
Ch. 7.3
What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?
Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
What caused all this corruption in government?
What laws came about to reform government?
Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
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