Religion
Greek Myths
- tale of Hercules - born half mortal
- titans - immortal beings that ruled the lands before the Romans
Monotheism or Polytheism
- they are polytheistic which means they have one god
Prayer and Gods
- Greeks prayed Zeus, king of the gods and the sky, main god
- poseidon, god of sea and water
- Hades, controlled the underworld - had a three headed dog named Cerbous
- Helios, ruled the sun, they thought the sun was a chariot going across the sky
- Athena, goddess of civility, math science and art invented weaving
- Apollo, god of healing and truth, looked upon as bad because he brings sickness and plagues
- Ares, god of war, blood thirsty and savage
- Hemes, messenger of the gods with the shoes and wings, protector of herdsmen and thieves
- Aphrodite, goddess of love and beauty
- Artemis, goddess of hunting, childbirth, and animals, twin sister is Apollo
Beliefs
- Romans had the same beliefs as the Athenians but prayed to different gods
- Eros, Greek name for god, but the Romans had a different name for him cupid
- Hebe, Greek name for god Romans called him juventas
Religion take place
- Altars were used in temples
- each alter/temple had one or a few gods
- statues of hods were at alters
Temples
- were made of mud brick
- 200m tall without roof
- financed by the city
- they were colored white, blue, and red
- roman empire - abandoned or turned into christian churches
- all of the temples were very well built
Cities
- boasted about their temples
- temples showed wealth
- Athens made their temples out of stone
Priests
- power to talk to the gods
- respected
- trusted
- Parents had to be priests
- a dying priest made you one
- they helped the visitors of the temples
Why pray
- many different reasons
- would make offerings to the gods
- if you were a good person after death you would go to a good place vice versa
- when buried they would bury things with them to make it better in the afterlife
Art and Architecture
Playwrights
- Aeschylus
- fauther of tragedy
- 7 of his 10 plays have survived to modern times
- the persians" is about the battle of Salamis
- fauther of tragedy
- Sophocles
- Added a third character
- 7 of 123 plays made it to modern times
- Eruipides
- influenced drama
Painters
- Psiax
- major role in the transition from black-figure to red figure
- Euphronios
- apprenticed under Psiax
- popular red
- Oltos
- 150 pieces two were signed
Temples
- first ionic temple
- had no base, weren't very stable
- they are known for their temples
- made for worshiping the god
Public buildings
- theaters
- gyms, where they could bathe or socialize
sports
- hippodrome, used for horse racing,
Time and Money
- Corinth - was built in 487-379 BC
- Parthenon - 469 talents 477-438 BC
- Sanctuary of Apollo 1500 BC
- Temple of Olympian Zeus - 515 -129 BC
- Portara -
incline
- big incline
- known for a degree in perfection of architecture, sculpture, and pottery
- the Athenians have acquired an almost legendary status for their art
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Socrates
- born 469 BC
- before he was a philosopher he was a sculptor
- was a hoplite soldier in the Peloponneian War
- became a speaker and teacher
- one of his soldiers was Plato
- ranked the whitest people of all time
- spent all of his life in Athens
- Sentenced to death for corrupting the youth and interfering with the religion of the city but he killed himself with hemlock
- very influential in the development of Greek philosophy
Plato
- born around 428 BCE
- died 347 BCE
- came from a wealthy family
- father was Ariston
- was a well known philosopher
- mathematician and was a student o Socrates
- was the first institution of higher learning in the western world
- wrote philosophical dialogues and founder of the Academy of Athens
- sold into slavery and almost faced death
- Plato bought him and sent him home a free man
- believed in life after death
- believed in body and soul
- death is unknown
Aristotle
- famous greek philosopher
- considered one of the great thinkers of Ancient Greece
- born in 384 Stagirus Macedonia, Greece
- at 18 he attended Platos academy
- because a professor at Plato's academy and stayed there for 15 yrs until Plato died
- became a tooter to King Philip II's son Alexander the Great
- started own school Lyceum, named after Apolle Lyceum
- had many ideas with Biology, Mathematics, and laws of motion
- no comparable professional scientist after Aristotle for the next 2,000 yrs
Ranking
- Socrates
- Plato
- Aristotle
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