PUNIC WARS
- Series of 3 Wars
- Rome vs Carthage
- 1st war was over control of Sicily
- 2nd war- when Hannibal became general of Carthage and he wanted to avenge first defeat. Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to attack and capture Rome
- 3rd war- Scipio attacked Carthage and Hannibal retreated and fought back at native city
- Rome defeated Carthage in all 3 of the wars. Each was harder for the Romans to win though
- War 1-2, Rome was on the defensive. Aggressor in the last was
- Key players: Hannibal, ( C), Scipio (R), Cincinnatus (R )
Lasting effects
- Showed the civilization in the Mediterranean that Rome was a dominant force
- By 70 B.C, Rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean Sea
Roman Republic
- Shortly after their victories in the Punic Wars, the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
- The land was going to large estate and the small farmers were not making any money and were out of jobs
- One of the reasons leading to a civil war
Julius Caesar
- Debate paper
- Another civil war broke out because of Caesar death
Avengers of Caesar
- Octavian, Mark Anthony, Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
- Even jealousy here, Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power
- Mark Anthony fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Egypt
- Leaving Octavian to be the sole leader
Augustus
- The term given to Octavian meaning "exalted one"
- Rome was at the peak of its power and at peace throughout Augustus's Rule and even to 180 A.D
- Pax Romana- Roman Peace
Hannibal crossing the Alps- Hannibal crossing the Alps, in 218 BC, was one of the major achievements of the Second Punic War, and one of the most celebrated achievements of any military force in ancient warfare.
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