Punic Wars
Series of 3 wars
Rome vs Carthage
1st war was over control of Sicily
2nd war- when Hannibal became general of Carthage and he wanted to avenge first defeat. Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to attack and capture Rome
3rd war- Scipio attacked Carthage and Hannibal retreated and fought back at native city
Rome defeated Carthage in all 3 of the wars. Each war was harder for the Romans to win through
war 1-2, Rome was on the defensive. Aggressor in the last war
Key players- Hannibal (c) Scipio (R) Cincinnatus (R)
Lasting Effects-
Showed the civilizations in the Mediterranean that Rome was a dominant force
by 70 BC, Rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean coast
Roman Republic-
Shortly after their victories in the Punic Wars
, the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
The land was going to large estates and the small farmers were not making any money and were out of jobs
One of he reasons leading to a civil war
Julius Caesar- Debate info
Another civil war broke out because of Caesar's death
Avengers of Caesar-
Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
Even jealousy here, Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power
Mark Antony fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Egypt
Leaving Octavian to be the sole leader of Rome
Augustus-
The term given to Octavian meaning "exalted one"
Rome was at the peak of its power and at peace throughout Augustus's rule and even to 180 AD
Pax Romana- Roman Peace
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Research-
Slavery-
Some slaves were actually treated better than most would expect. Some of the slave masters even treated their slaves like they were their own children.
Saturnalia was a holiday like Christmas where the slaves and masters switched roles. The holiday helped both the slaves and masters to respect each other and kept loyalties strong.
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