Punic Wars -series of 3 wars
- Rome vs Carthage
- 1st war was over control of Sicily
- 2nd war when Hannibal became general of Carthage and he wanted to avenge first defeat. Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to attack and capture Rome
- 3rd war Scipio attacked Carthage and Hannibal retreated and fought back at native city
- Rome defeated Carthage in all 3 of the wars. each was harder for Romans to win though
- War 1-2, Rome was on the defensive. Aggressor in the last war.
- Key players : Hannibal (c), Scipio (r), Cincinnatus (r)
Lasting Effects:
- showed the civilizations in the Mediterranean that Rome was a dominant force
- By 70 BC, Rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean coast
Roman Republic -
- shortly after their victories in the Punic Wars, the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
- the land was going to large estate and the small farmers were not making any money and were out of jobs
- one of the reasons leading to a civil war
Julius Caesar - debate info
- another civil war broke out because of Caesar's death
Avengers of Caesar -
- Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
- even jealousy here, Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power
- Mark Antony fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Eygpt
- Leaving Octavian to be the sole leader
Augustus - the term given to Octavian meaning "exalted one"
- Rome was at the peak of its power and at peace throughout Augustus's Rule and even to 180 AD
Pax Romana - "Roman Peace"
Hannibal Crossing the Alps - bad decision or not?
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