Punic wars
- Series of three wars
- Rome vs Carthage
- 1st war was over control of Sicily
- 2nd war- when Hannibal became general of Carthage he wanted to avenge first defeat. Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to capture rome
- 3rd war=- Scipio attacked Carthage and Hannibal retreated and fought back at the native city
- ROme won all the wars. Each war was harder for the ROmans to win
- Wars 1 and 2 Rome was on the defensive and they were the aggressor in the the last one
- Key players Hannibal (C), Scipio(R), Cincinnatus(R)
Lasting effects
- Showed the civilizations in the Mediterranean that Rome was a dominant force
- By 70 BC Rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean coast
Roman Republic
- Shortly after their victories in the Punic Wars, the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
- The land was going to large estate and the small farmers were not making any money and were out of jobs
- One of the reasons leading to a civil war
Julius Caesar
- Debate info
- Another civil war broke out because of his death
Avengers of Caesar
- Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
- Even jealousy here, Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power
- Mark Antony fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Egypt
- Leaving Octavia to be the sole leader
Augustus
- The term given to Octavian meaning "exalted one"
- Rome was at the peak of its power and at peace throughout Augustus's Rule and even to 180 AD
- Pax Romana- Roman Peace
Research Slavery
- 1/3 of the Roman population were slaves
- Slaves worked on farms, in businesses, or in public buildings
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