Punic Wars
- series of 3 wars
- Rome vs. Carthage
- 1st war was over control on Sicily
- 2nd war- when Hannibal became general of Carthage and he wanted to avenge first defeat. Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to attack and capture Rome
- 3rd war- Scipio attacked Carthage and Hannibal retreated and fought back at native city
- Rome defeated Carthage on all 3 of the wars. Each war was harder for the Romans to win
- war 1-2, Rome was on the defensive. Aggressor in the last war
- key players
- Hannibal (C), Scipio (R), Cincinnatus (R)
Lasting Effects
- Showed the civilization in the Mediterranean that Rome was a dominant force
- by 70 BC, Rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean coast
Roman Republic
- Shortly after their victories in the Punic Wars, the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
- The land was going to large estate and the small farmers were not making any money and were out of jobs
- One of the reasons leading to a civil war
Julius Caesar
- (use debate information)
- another civil war broke out because of his death
Avengers of Caesar
- Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
- Even jealousy here, Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power
- Mark Antony fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Egypt
- Leaving Octavian to be the sole leader
Agustus -term givin to Octavian meaning "exalted one"
- Rome was at the peak of it's power and at peace throughout Augustus's Rule and even to 180 AD
- Pax Romania- "Roman Peace"
RESEARCH:
Hannibal crossing the Alps. Good or bad?
- it was a good thing
- one of the major achievements of the 2nd Punic War
- one of the most celebrated achievements of any military force in ancient warfare
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