Went over some Japan history
-Japan was considered as one big piece of land that was split up into smaller parts. There would be multiple leaders for each piece of land. Although, as one person came to power, they would try and take over each of the little pieces of land (in a good way) and would make the country become united instead of in different groups. Was known as Futilism.
Here are the notes given by Mr. Bruns.
Japan
Dictatorship also came to Japan
-not through a political party but the military
History
-rich military tradition
-feudal clans fought each other for dominance in Japan
-The Emperor presided over the Japanese government
-came form divine origin
-descendent of the Sun Goddess
-played minor role in the government
-he was above politics
-shogun had the political power
-ruled in the name of the Emperor
Japanese society
- 1. Landowning clans dominated
-protected by the samurai
- 2. Wealthy merchant class
- 3. Peasants
-most of the people of Japan
Japan was very isolated until 1853 when US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed in to Japan and forced them to open their ports
In the late 1800’s many Japanese were tired of being controlled by foreign countries.
-adopted western ways in hopes to keep Western Powers out of their country
- 1. heavy industry
- 2. modern army
- 3. strong navy
Showed off new power in several wars
- 1. Sino-Japanese War
-1894-95
-Japan won
- 2. Russo-Japanese War
-1904-05
-Japan shocked the world by beating Russia
-gained partial control of Manchuria
- 3. World War I
-allied with the US
-gained German Islands in the Pacific after the war
1920’s
-gave all men the right to vote
-signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
-joined the League of Nations
-signed the Kellog-Briand Pact (Outlawed war)
1930’s
-Great Depression changed everything
-people blamed the government for tough times
-military leaders stepped in and took control
-said Japan had to expand in to Asia to help economy
-assassinated political leaders that opposed them
-took away people’s rights
Japanese Honor
- 1. fight to the death
- 2. commit suicide rather than surrender
- 3. gekokujo
-open defiance of superior officers by junior officers
-seen as a positive thing
-shows the spirit of the soldier
-Japanese Invasion of Manchuria: What did this situation prove? Well, the League of Nations couldn't enforce its authority, so when Japan dropped out from the League of Nations, they thought they didn't have to listen to the rest of the countries anymore. A major power could get away with using force. Great Britain and France wanted to avoid war at all costs. Other powers would see this as a sign that they too could get away with the use of force. The League had lost their most powerful ally in the Far East when Japan dropped out.
-Election: FDR won in a landslide against Herbert Hoover, since people had blamed Hoover for the Great Depression.
-The Good Neighbor Policy: Other countries believed that the US could do whatever we wanted with Latin America because we had bossed them around before. FDR realized that some changes, and apologies, needed to be made, so the US formed the Good Neighbor Policy to create a truce with Latin America.
-Ethiopia invasion by Mussolini (1936): Italy lost its Ethiopia colony in Africa at the 1896 Battle of Adua. It was one of the worst colonial disasters of modern history.
-Italy/Ethiopia Invasion: November 18th 1935~Leagues sanctions begin, such as arms embargo, financial embargo, non-importation of Italian goods. Feb 1936-League could not agree on critical oil sanctions mainly because FDR refused...US controlled about 50% of the world's oil trade. Feb 29 of 1936-FDR signed the 1936 Neutrality Act--Mandatory arms embargo with warring nations, and mandatory ban on loans to warring nations. May 5: Italy occupied Addis Ababa-annexed all Ethiopia may 9th
-Generalisimo Francisco Franco and the Spanish Civil War: 1936 to 1939
-FDR vs Alf Landon: FDR won to serve his second term
-Rome-Berlin Axis powers of 1936
-Axis powers meant that "when" they won and conquered, Rome and Berlin would be the two cities that the world would rotate around.
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