- Japan
Dictatorship also came to Japan
Not through a political party but the military
- History
Rich military tradition
Feudal clans fought each other for dominance in Japan
The Emperor presided over the Japanese government
-came form divine origin
-descendent of the Sun Goddess
-played minor role in the government
-he was above politics
-shogun had the political power
-ruled in the name of the Emperor
- Japanese society
Landowning clans dominated
-protected by the samurai
Wealthy merchant class
Peasants
-most of the people of Japan
Japan was very isolated until 1853 when US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed in to Japan and forced them to open their ports
In the late 1800’s many Japanese were tired of being controlled by foreign countries.
-adopted western ways in hopes to keep Western Powers out of their country
1. heavy industry
2. modern army
3. strong navy
Showed off new power in several wars
1. Sino-Japanese War
-1894-95
-Japan won
2. Russo-Japanese War
-1904-05
-Japan shocked the world by beating Russia
-gained partial control of Manchuria
3. World War I
-allied with the US
-gained German Islands in the Pacific after the war
- 1920’s
-gave all men the right to vote
-signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
-joined the League of Nations
-signed the Kellog-Briand Pact
- 1930’s
-Great Depression changed everything
-people blamed the government for tough times
-military leaders stepped in and took control
-said Japan had to expand in to Asia to help economy
-assassinated political leaders that opposed them
-took away people’s rights
- Japanese Military Honor
1. fight to the death
2. commit suicide rather than surrender
3. gekokujo
-open defiance of superior officers by junior officers
-seen as a positive thing
-shows the spirit of the soldier
- Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
What did this situation prove?
-The League of Nations could not enforce its authority
-A major power could get away with using force
-GB and France wanted to avoid war
-League of Nations lost its most powerful member-Japan
- Good Neighbor Policy
FDR realized it was time to become good neighbors with Latin America
-they saw the USA as a bully that could do whatever we wanted
Wanted a good relationship for trade and protection
- Ethiopia Invaded by Mussolini 1936
Italy loses Ethiopian colony in Africa at 1896 Battle of Adua
2/23/1935 Italy sends forces into Ethiopia
10/7/1935 League of Nations declares Italy the aggressor
- Rome-Berlin Axis 1936
Alliance between Italy and Germany
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