Talked about the test tomorrow and monday.
No blog assignment for this week.
Continued on with Bruns's presentation.
Notes:
- British Pime Minister Neville Chamberlain started taking Nazi Germany and Hitler much more seriously after this
- Winston Churchill had warned about this happening
- Great Britian and France started mobilizing for war
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
- secretly agreed to invade and split poland. Germany would get the western half and USSR got the eastern half
- Russia would get Finland, Estonia and Latvia and Germany would get Lithuania
How did the world react?
- shocked
- poland was in a very tough spot
- Hitler thought it would force Great Britian and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
Blitzkrieg-Lightning War
1. Airforce attacks enemy front-line and rear posistions, main roads, airfields and communication centers. At the same time, infantry attacks on the entire frontline and engages enemy
2. Tank units breakthrough main lines of defense and advance deeper into enemy territory. While following, mechanized units pusue and engage defenders preventing them from establishing defensive positions. Infantry continues to engage enemy for the sae reason
3. infantry attacks enemy flanks in order to link up with other groups to complete the attack and eventually encircle the emeny and capture strategic postition
4. Mechanized groups go deeper into the enemy territory out flanking the enemy positions and preventing withdrawing troops and defenders from establishing effective defensive positions
5. Main force links up with other units encircling and cutting off the enemy
6. goal was to achieve victory as quickly as possible
Main Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan
Other Powers: Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Thailand, Hungary
Maginot Line
- Was a line of concrete fortification, tank obstacles, artillery casemates, machine gun posts, and other defenses
- France constructed this along its borders with Germany and Italy after what happened to them in WWI
Free French Underground
- led by charles de Gaulle
- goal was to free french from german control
Nazi Goals
1. Destroy the Royal Air Force
2. Attack and destroy the British navy
3. Attack British Troops
4. After gaining air superiority, the invasion of Great Britian would begin if G.B. had not already surrendered
**Germany never succeeded in achieving #1
**German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they started bombing at night only -- randomly attacking cities
**Great Britian was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra
Ultra was one of the biggest reasons why we won the war. It was like a german code to know when the germans are coming.
Scorched Earth Policy
- Stalin demanded this of trhe Soviet troops as they retreated
Atlantic charter
- set up war goals of the US and Great Britian
War Goals
- No territorial gain
- no territorial changes without the peoples support from those countries
- self-determination
- free trade
- destruction of the nazis and then setting up a peaceful government in germany
- freedom of the seas
- abandon the use of force, disarmament and a stronger league of nations
Pearl Harbor
In July, 1941, Japan invaded French Indochina
In response, the US stops trading with Japan
Due to embargo, Japan felt it had three options:
- 1. abandon ambitions in South East Asia
- 2. compromise with the US
- 3. attack Dutch and British possessions in the Pacific and US bases in the Pacific
Yamamoto felt that if Japan had any chance of winning a war against the US it must destroy the US Pacific fleet in a surprise attack
A surprise attack would give Japan at least six months to dominate SE Asia unopposed
Japan thought that the US then would face a long, bloody struggle and would settle for a negotiated peace that would allow Japan to do as it pleased in Asia
Tojo replaces Konoye as Premier of Japan. Konoye wanted to negotiate with the US. Tojo didn’t and had a low regard of the US
Tojo wanted war but Emperor Hirohito wanted on last peace attempt.
Japan offered this:
1. Open door policy everywhere and Japan would withdraw from
French Indochina
2. US would stop Lend-Lease Aid to China and start trading with Japan again
3. Japan would start peace talks with China
US refused plan on November 29th
US took a hard line stance with Japan now because we had deciphered their diplomatic code(Magic) and knew that they had some type of attack plan.
Magic Information
“November 29th is the deadline”
“things are automatically going to happen”
Japan felt that the key to success in the Pacific was air and sea power
-especially launching airplanes from aircraft carriers and submarines attacking enemy ships
Japan had ten aircraft carriers to our three in the Pacific(based in Pearl Harbor)
Japanese Pearl Harbor Attack Plan
- 1. destroy three aircraft carriers, eight battleships, seven cruisers and other small ships
- 2. attack Wake Island and Guam
- 3. attack Malay and Hong Kong
- 4. attack Philippines, Dutch East Indies and Burma
Japanese attack force consisted of:
- 1. Six aircraft carriers
- 2. 360 airplanes
-Kate High level bombers
-dive and torpedo bombers
-Zero fighters
- 3. two battleships, three cruisers, eight destroyers
Admiral Nagumo commanded the force
To succeed, Japan had to travel 3,500 miles without being detected. That meant absolute radio silence and travelling through a vast, lonely expanse of the Pacific Ocean. This attack had to be a complete surprise.
“Backdoor to War” Conspiracy
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