Notes in class.
1940 Election was significant because was fdrs 3rd term as president.
Lend lease aid gave ships weapons and other things were sent to help great brit and allies they would have to give back after war. Roosevelts way of helping but not getting involved officialy. Big part of ww2 was war in atlantic germany was winning atlantic because sinking a lot of ships. June 1941 hitler has done anything crazy in a while. Hitler turns eastward launches largest military invation ever. 2 million deaths in first several months of campain. Operation barbossa large opperation lenibrob moscow and stallion. soviet union terible at first as retreated were told to burn everything. So the enemy cant use it. 2 or 3 months after invasion moving in quickly. Battle for moscow germany getting close but never get to moscow. Soviets hold back when winter sets in and slowly push germany back. Churchill and Roosevelt meet and set up war goals with great brit. But were not in the war yet. Goals were no territorial gain, no bounary changes, self determination, free trade, destroying nazis and set up peacful government, freedome of the seas, build a strong league of nations.
Pearl Harbor
In July, 1941, Japan invaded French Indochina
In response, the US stops trading with Japan
Due to embargo, Japan felt it had three options:
- 1. abandon ambitions in South East Asia
- 2. compromise with the US
- 3. attack Dutch and British possessions in the Pacific and US bases in the Pacific
Yamamoto felt that if Japan had any chance of winning a war against the US it must destroy the US Pacific fleet in a surprise attack
A surprise attack would give Japan at least six months to dominate SE Asia unopposed
Emper hirhito was head guy.
Japan thought that the US then would face a long, bloody struggle and would settle for a negotiated peace that would allow Japan to do as it pleased in Asia
Tojo replaces Konoye as Premier of Japan. Konoye wanted to negotiate with the US. Tojo didn’t and had a low regard of the US
Tojo wanted war but Emperor Hirohito wanted on last peace attempt.
Japan offered this:
1. Open door policy everywhere and Japan would withdraw from
French Indochina
2. US would stop Lend-Lease Aid to China and start trading with Japan again
3. Japan would start peace talks with China
US refused plan on November 29th
US took a hard line stance with Japan now because we had deciphered their diplomatic code(Magic) and knew that they had some type of attack plan.
Magic Information
“November 29th is the deadline”
“things are automatically going to happen”
Japan felt that the key to success in the Pacific was air and sea power
-especially launching airplanes from aircraft carriers and submarines attacking enemy ships
Japan had ten aircraft carriers to our three in the Pacific(based in Pearl Harbor)
Japanese Pearl Harbor Attack Plan
- 1. destroy three aircraft carriers, eight battleships, seven cruisers and other small ships
- 2. attack Wake Island and Guam
- 3. attack Malay and Hong Kong
- 4. attack Philippines, Dutch East Indies and Burma
Japanese attack force consisted of:
- 1. Six aircraft carriers
- 2. 360 airplanes
-Kate High level bombers
-dive and torpedo bombers
-Zero fighters
- 3. two battleships, three cruisers, eight destroyers
Admiral Nagumo commanded the force
To succeed, Japan had to travel 3,500 miles without being detected. That meant absolute radio silence and travelling through a vast, lonely expanse of the Pacific Ocean. This attack had to be a complete surprise.
“Backdoor to War” Conspiracy
We declared war with japan so germany would declare war on us. so we could get into war.
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