We finished presentions today.
The Indus Valley Civilization(IVC) was a Bronze Age Civilzation(3300- 1300) BCE
The IVC is also know as Harappan Civilization
The IVC went across Pakistan and northwest India.
According to some archaeologists, more than 500 Harappan sites have been discovered along the dried up river beds of the Ghaggar-Hakra River and its tributaries but the Indus River only had about 100 Harappan sites
Empire - settlement gradually developed into more and more complex societies.
The first people to settle in the area called themselves the Kemet.
When the kingdoms got larger they split into two larger kingdoms called the Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.
Began 7,000 years ago
They separate this powerful kingdom in 3 periods, old, middle and New.
The Nile River: Grew wheat, grain, beer, bread, lettuce, fruit trees 3 seasons:
Akhet- flooding season
Peret- Growing season
Shemu- Harvesting season
bulit mud-brick reservoirs to trap and hold water used Shadufs to life water from the canals cattle, goats, pigs, ducks
Had a surplus of crops because of the Nile so the economy would flourish
Social status:
King- ruler
Ruling class- high importance to the king
Craftmen- made tools and weapons
Farmers- common man
Slaves- paid in beer
Agriculture: Nile deposited the nutrients for growing food
Culture: Religion- Polytheistic religion or believing in multiple gods
Wrote using Hieroglyphics
Buildings and structures: Bulit houses out of mud bricks, Pyramids, large boats for travel, Rigid structures
Geography: Deserts to the East and West of the Nile and mountains to the east Every spring the river would flood because of the surplus of water in the mountains
Only river that flows north Nile gets a lot of water fromt the mountains and plateaus the deserts to the east and west acted a natural barriers between the other lands The flooding of the Nile was very predictable
Conclusion: Gods were in human form, economy was based on the flooding of the Nile. The ending of the Kindoms
Mesoptamia: Irrgation was good and bad for the civilization Water would leave salt behind Babylonian empire ended around 1600 B.C. Nile: Ended because of the flooding Egyptians had control then the Greeks then the Egyptians again and finally the Romans Was home to the Egyptian Empire till the Romans took control around 1700 B.C. Indus: Ended around 1300 B.C. Floods didnt fertilzed the soil People on the Indus were Buddhists of Ladahk Yellow River: Ended around 1046 B.C. Flows through 9 provinces of China and empties into the Bohai Sea Wei Valley is the birthplace of many Chinesse civilizations
Indus River:
Harappa: Patially built on Mud-brick platforms to prevent flooding They were literate people so they knew how to read and write Mohenjo-Daro: only civilization to have a privite bathroom and toilet in their houses means hill of the dead Geography: Good soil for farming across 6 countries Culture: animals were important Importance: feed ecosystem of temperate forests planes and arid country side, used for trading and irrigation, longest most important river in Pakistan,
Mesopotmia: means between the rivers. northern Mesopotmia is made up of hills and plains land is fertile due to seasonal rain Sourtern made up of marshy areas and wide flat areas Ancient Mesopotamia is also called crescent Culture: Songs written for the gods and some for important events Woman rarely individuals Had over 3,00 gods Each city had a certain god Irrigation: Annual flood unpredictable Many droughts Canals first around 6000 B.C. Bulit dams to hold back water
History: Mesopotamia had constant warfare Babylonia was the capital of ancient Mesopotamia(Babylon) Cities of Ancient Mesopotamia: Summer- "land of the civilized lords" or "Native land" 1st 5 city-states: Eridu, Bad-Tibira, Larsa, Sippar, and Shuruppak Resources: Had no forests for wood; lacked buliding materials Few mountains or natural barriers which made it easy to invade.
China Yellow River aka Hung He river:
Worlds muddest river
2nd longest river in China
Takes in 1.5 million tons of soil
Supplies Water to 12% of Chinese population
Religion:
4 different kinds;
Taoism Buddism Islamisn Catholism
Color:
cause of the yellow color is cuz of sily nearby deserts that the water has in it
Worlds muddist river
Major Citites:
Lanzhou
Yinchun
Hhot
Zhanghou
Jinan
Culture:
landscape is attractive and breathtaking
Most perfect waves
Yellow River was called the Huang He River
Ancient China called it the Mother River cuz of its size
Ag:
10% of Chinas land is fertile because of the high mountains
Crops mainly grow on hills
Major crops are wheat rice peanuts potatoes corn barley tea apples oilseed and cotton
Rice is the most common crop
Flooding:
Only a hand full of floods
The 1931 flood killed 1 milllion to 4 million people
Geopraphy:
Ancient china was bulit along 2 rivers (Yangtze and the Yellow)
The river is 2900 miles long
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