On this day the last presentation was given. Here are the notes I took over all the presentations:
Mesopotamia: Irrigation was used. Water would sit on the field and evaporate, leaving salt, which would kill the crop. Food would be lower than the usual amount. Babylonian Empire ended around 1600 B.C. Now Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria.
Nile: Flooded. Tried building levees and dams. Clay houses were destroyed and crops died. Greeks conquered them, then Egypt got back in control, but became dominated by the Romans around 1070 B.C.
Indus: Floods wouldn't fertilize the fields, large monsoon. Ended around 1300 B.C. Buddhists of Ladahk. Current day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran.
Yellow: Shang Dynasty, which ended around 1046 B.C. Flows through nine provinces of China and emptied into the Bohai Sea. Wei Valley birthplace of many Chinese civilizations. Flooding wiped out the economy.
Indus River: Harappa, 3 1/2 mile thick brick wall surrounding them. People planted a wide variety of crops. Literate. Flourished from 2600-1700 B.C.
Mojenjo-Daro: Only civilization with a bathroom and toilet in each house. Lived on simple form of agriculture. Largest city. Means The Hill of the Dead.
Geography: Average rainfall is 5-20 inches per year. Current day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan. Near the Arabian Sea.
Culture: Crops include cotton, sugar cane, and wheat. Global warming and pollution effect the agriculture.
Importance: Feeds the ecosystem. Longest and most important river in Pakistan and on the Indian sub continent. Trading and irrigation. Key water source for Pakistan. Lots of drinking water. Drainage area is 450,000 square miles.
Mesopotamia
Geography: Means between the rivers in Greek. Combining of Tigris and Euphrates River through modern Iraq. Made up of hills and plains, with fertile land. Some marshy areas as well. AKA The Fertile Crescent. Current day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus, Jordan, Palestine, Kuwait, the Sinai Peninsula, and Northern Mesopotamia.
Culture: Songs written for gods and events. Believed in over 3000 gods. Hunting, boxing, and wrestling were popular with these people, as well as a strange version of polo. Women were married in the mid-teens rather than eighteen.
Irrigation: Flood was unpredictable, usually between April and June. Droughts were common. By 6000 B.C. they developed canals to water fields. Dams were built to hold the water back.
History: Characterized by constant warfare and shifting empire. Babylon was built along the Euphrates. The two rivers flow into the Persian Gulf.
Cities: Sumer- Land of civilized lords. First settled in 4500 B.C. Each village or town would have a temple for the city's god or goddess. First five city states were Eridu, Bad-Tibira, Larsa, Sippar, and Shuruppak.
Resources: No forests and had no building materials. Used mud for bricks and plaster. Few mountains, were easily conquered.
Nile River: Settlement began around 7000 years ago. Complex societies gradually came to be. Split into two groups, Upper and Lower Egypt. 3000-2500 years ago the land was split to upper, lower, and middle Egypt.
China Yellow River: Cradle of Chinese civilization. Armies of China would destroy dams to flood local lands and slow the enemy down. Yu the Great established the Xia Dynasty. Ruled from 2205-1766 B.C.
Mesopotamia: Sargon founded the Akkadian Dynasty, which was the first empire in Mesopotamia. Spoke Akkadain and Sumerian. Religion was Sumerian. Had a monarchy government.
Indus: Bronze Age Civilization from 3300-1300 B.C. AKA Harappan Civilization. Went across Pakistan and northwest India. More than 500 sites have been discovered along the beds of the Ghagger-Hakra River. Indus River only has 100.
Yellow River: Second largest in China. Muddiest river, 12% of water for Chinese population. Produced more than 1500 floods.
Religion: Four different kinds of religion: Taoism, Buddhism, Islamism, and Catholicism.
Color: The cause of the yellow river is because of silt from deserts. Sometimes looks like chocolate milk.
Major Cities: Lanzhou, Yinchun, Hhot, Zhangzhou, Jinan.
Culture: Popular with tourists. Landscape is attractive, and waves and the way the water looks impresses millions. Originally known as the Huang He River. Also known as the Mother River.
Agriculture: 10% of China's land is fertile. Too many mountains that go on too far. Mainly grown on hills, can be grown on ground with proper rainfall. Wheat, rice, peanuts, potatoes, corn, barley, tea, apples, oilseed, and cotton are crops, with rice being the most common. Over 300 million farmers.
Flooding: Biggest flood of all time from this river was in 1931 when 1-4 million people lost their lives.
Geography: China was built along the two main rivers, one being the Yellow, the other being the Yangtze. Lots of mountains in the country, and farming is difficult. Limited amount of farm equipment. Yellow River stretches across China for just under 3000 miles.
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