Nile River Valley
- located in africa goes through egypt
- longest river in the world
- necessary for farming
- used for traveling
- floods july- november
- flood brought rich soil and washed away waste around the river
- surrounding seas protected them from war and disease
- contains deposits of granite, sandstone, and limestone used for building materials
- hand soughs, oxen pulled larger soughs, lots of crops, goats and other animals walked to plant seeds down
- harvesting march-may
- multiple gods
- pyramids
- large boats
- economy depended on farmers
- king->ruling class->craftsman->farmers->marginalized groups->slaves
The Early River Valley CIvilizations
- Mesopotamian The Babylonian Empire
- powerful state
-fertile and rich
-babylon means "gate of gods"
-located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
-babylonia was a long, narrow country. 40 miles wide
-had written set of rules they had to abide by
- The Nile The First Dynasty
-3100 B.C- 2890 B.C.
- lower kingdom of egypt
-founded by the egyptian pharaoh Narmer
- narmer palette was the first object to have hieroglyphic writing on it
- The Nile The Second Dynasty
-2890-2686 B.C.
-capital- Thinis
-Hotepsekhemy was the founder of the second dynasty
-put to death if harmed a cat
- Indus
-had a strong and stable government
-advanced technological systems
- The Yellow River Civilation
-Shang Dynasty
-1600-1046 B.C.
-Monarchy
-language- old chinese
-civilization based on agriculture, lots of hunting and animal care
-fought a lot of wars with neighboring settlements
Mesopotamia
-first civilization
-Uruk-one of the first cities- had 50-80 thousand people which made it the largest city in the world
-Nippur- sacred group- 5000 BC
-Nineveh- one of the oldest cities, very religious worshiping the goddess Ishtar, temple destroyed by earthquake but rebuilt
-how the river worked- 2 rivers- Tigris and the Euphrates, soil was enriched between the two rivers
- geography- in Iraq, mainly desert rivers irrigate the crops in the dry seasons, had trade routes
-traded objects: animals, wine, pottery, horses
-traded with persians and ancient idea and afghanistan and egypt (4000 and 6000 BCE)
-wrote in cuneiform
-we get our number and 24hour day systems from them, invented the wheel
-they thought the earth was a flat disc and they thought the ocean was all around
-sports- hunting wrestling, polo, majore (rugby)
-Government- monarchy, first code of law, believed rulers were descendants of gods
The Yellow River Civilization
-built mainly of wood
-rich popole lived in timber houses
-poor people lived in huts outside of the city
-located in china
-deposits yellowish silt which is fertile soil called loess which is blown from deserts to the west and north
-floods are disasturous it devours the whole village
-sometimes called "china's sorrow"
-10% of land is suitable for farming
-couldnt trade with outsiders
-invented gun powder
-provides local populations with drinking supply
-supplies water to 155 million people irrigates 18 million acres
-400 million people live in the yellow river basin
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