Areas where civilization first started- Mesopotamia, Nile (longest river ine the world), Indus, China Yellow River. Why? Because of water.
Our table will be our groups. Our topic is the NILE.
-the geography of the area, the river, and how it works. culture and religion, cities and states that emerged.
Topic (with Ash): Culture and religion
Notes:
-Backbone of Egypt
-Egyptians believed that it was the centre of the world, 'beginning of th world'
-Major cult centres developed between the two parts of the river, river splits in two, densley populated, those who had passed away had to cross the Nile before they entered the Kindom of the Dead.
-3 civilizations- Nubia, Kemet, Kush
Notes:
-Backbone of Egypt
-Egyptians believed that it was the centre of the world, 'beginning of th world'
-Major cult centres developed between the two parts of the river, river splits in two, densley populated, those who had passed away had to cross the Nile before they entered the Kindom of the Dead.
-3 civilizations- Nubia, Kemet, Kush
RElIGION- based on nature. prayed for floodwaters. created a serperate God for the Nile named Hapi. the Nile symbolized life and the afterlife. (sun rose in the east, symbolizing birth. sun set in the west, symbolizing death.) Believed in several gods and godesses. Most important God was the sun god (Re or Ra). The reason that we was the most honerable God was because they could pray to him for good harvests and good crop. The most famous goddess was Isis, who was seen as the ideal mother and wife. Her husband Osiris was the ruler of the dead. Most Egyptians prayed at home. The gods and goddesses lived in great temples. One of the most famous is in Karnak. It consists of over 130 columns that are 25 meters high.
**Mesopotamia (greek for "the land between 2 rivers")
one of the first places that the government was created.
located between 2 rivers: tigres and the euphrates
made baskets from the weeds of the river
there were lots of floods from the mountains
the rivers could change courses and then the farmer would have to adapt to that
-Culture
had about 3 thousand gods. one in each city
way of writing: wrote in clay
-Religion
everything that they believed in was based on nature
-Geography
bordering countries: Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria
many people settled there for the great water
great soil
few trees, little rain fall
trade their supplies for stone, wood, and metal
Mesopopatamia - Greek for the land between two rivers-
Trade and Commerce were important between the Tigris and Euphrates river. -Euphrates was the calm river and the Tigris was very aggressive and caused most of the flooding.
-Had about 3,000 Gods.
Lack of resources:
-Few trees
-Very little rainfall
-Traded their surplus for stone, wood and metal.
Then we presented our presentation on the Nile River.
Yellow River
Flows from Central to Eastern China.
Got the color from the yellow clay, "loess"
Areas around the Yellow River and the Yangzte River merge -- great food producing areas.
They had to grow their own crops and livestock in order to supply for themselves considering they couldn't trade because of the mountains.
They believe in supernatural powers and so when they needed something they asked the gods for it.
Family was the most important thing in the Chinese culture - The father was the leader of the family.
Emperors and Kingdoms
Xia Dynasty is known to be the first dynasty in China.
Shang believed in sacrifices.
Mesopotamia - Babylon nation was founded by Samuabum.
--55 miles south of Bagdad.
The new kingdom expanded its borders through military conquest and became a world power.
**Indues River Valley
-Intro- located in South West Asia
-Geography
in present day pakistan, india, china, and afghanistan
branched out to 7 greats rivers
5 still exist today
region used to be really diverse
river provided good soil for crops and eans for good transportation and trade
-Importance
when it flooded, it fertilized the land
always fished and drank the water from it
used for transportation and trade
-Religion
believed in life after death
similar to Hinduism
worshiped Mother Goddesses
worshiped animals
gods names are unknown
-culture and arts
skilled in potery, weaving, and metal work
make figures out of gold and stone
weapons- axes, spears, daggers, no shields or armor
people danced for fun
-Cities
had private bathrooms in their houses
first urban sanitation system
cities were set up into prefect grid patterns
**The Decline of the Early River Valley Civilization
-the fall of the mesopotamian Empires
- known as Akkadian Empire
- they fell in 950
- they were attacked by (alsfh)
-babylonian empire
- overtaken by the romains
-the end of the ancient egypt empire
- along the Nile river
- most powerful during the Ramesside
- invaded and conquered by foreign powers
-early yellow river
- the Xia Dynasty was the firt ever recorded chinese civilization
- not much is known about the Shang Dynasty
-Indus Valley civilization
- floods destroyed the irrigation system and the buildings
- flooding cause the people to stop taking care of their crops because they knew that there was going to be more floods coming
- constant neglect caused that civilization to fall
- Aryans invaded and took over
Comments