Beginning of Empires
Nile River
Began around 7000 yrs ago
soil was very rich
split into 2 groups upper and lower Egypt
Yellow river
said to be the cradle of Chinese civilization
armies would destroy dams to the river to the flood lands to slow down enemy troops
Mesopotamia
monarchy government
Akkadain and Sumerian
Indus
really no empire around the river
ivc went across Pakistan and nw India
more than 500 Harappan sites have been discovered
IVC= Indus valley civilization
Presented Presentations
We Presented on the Indus River.
Mesopotamia
between the rivers
Tiger ans Euphrates river combined flows through modern Iraq
northern hills ans plains fertile land southern marshy and wide
Fertile Crescent
culture
songs written for gods believed in over 3000 gods
hunting most popular as well as boxing and wrestling
women rarely acted as individuals
irrigation
flood between April and June
farmers didn't know when to plant
hard to water crops due to drought people starved
workers built canals and dams to hold back floods
history
constant warfare and shifting empire
Babylon capital built along Euphrates
cities
Sumer was first settled refer to as black headed people divided into dozen independent cities
each centered on a temple dedicated to a god or goddess
first five Eridu bad-tibira larsa sippar shuruppak
resources
no forest no wood used mud brick
few mountains easy to invade stolen from
built mud walls for protection
We Started Presentations.
The Niles River:
Cities, states:
wheat barley veg. important crop grain mainly known for farming
built trees for fruit and shade
3 seasons flooding growing and harvesting
built mud reservoirs to trap and hold water irrigation canals had farm animals
economy:
could sell surplus if crops economy flourish
culture:
social structure king ruling class craftsman farmers slaves
agriculture:
the Nile deposited nutrients for growing food grew corn
culture:
religion believed in many gods wrote in hieroglyphics people in interest: Menes
built houses out of mud bricks pyramids large boats
Geography:
deserts east and west of river
river leaves black fertile soil suitable for farming
longest river 4,100 ft only river that flows north
river gets water from mountains plateaus and lakes
deserts act as barriers between lands
flooding of Nile is very predictable
Early River Civilizations:
Mesopotamia:
irrigation was good and bad
water would sit salt would kill crops wouldn't have enough food
Babylonian empire ended around 1600bc
known as Iraq Syria turkey some of Iran
Nile:
ended from floods
clay houses washed away crops dies animals washed away
home to Egyptian empire
Romans took over
Indus:
river changed course floods made soil infertile
large monsoon
river goes through Pakistan Afghanistan part of Iran these days
Yellow River:
flows through nine provinces of china
flooding wiped out the economy and therefore civilizations ended
flooding is a major problem of river civilizations
Indus Culture:
With the construction of Modern Canals it allows cotton sugarcane and wheat to grow. fish farming is also possible with the canals. The Indus River is the most important water supply needed for agriculture and production.
Wed. Aug 22
The major deforestation, pollution and global warming are affecting the vegetation and wildlife.
Animal images on many types of artifacts tell that animals were important part of the culture.
Sources:
World History Book, http://www.mahalo.com/indus-river/
Thurs. Aug 23
trade was impossible on the river due to the culture ending and because the river dried up and so did the cities. Around 1750 bc cities gradually declined due to dryness and plate movement
Indus River
Harappa
- built on mud bricks to protect from flooding.
-lived off crops
-Houses were made of mud brick
-flourished around 2600-1700 B.C. in the western part of Asia. They were literate which means they could read and right
Mohegan-Dora: means hill of the dead.
-The only civilization to have a private bathroom.
-located in larkana district of sindh, Pakistan. Largest city. Simple form of agriculture.
-Got between 5- 20 inches. Great for farming made soil excellent.
-Stretches across six countries: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan.
-Modern canals allows cotton, sugar cane and wheat to grow.
-Deforestation is ruining wildlife and communities.
-Feed the ecosystem of temperate forests planes and arid country side.
- Top river in Pakistan used for trading and irrigation.
-Based off the economy not power.
drainage was 450,000 square miles.
Yellow River:
second largest in china
worlds muddiest
changed its course more than 26 times 1500 floods since 602 bc takes in 1.5 billion tons of soil each year
Religion
4 different kinds of religion taoism buddism
cause of color because of silt from nearby deserts said waves look like chocolate milk
lnzhou yinchon hhot zhangzhon jion
culture
landscape is attractive has perfect waves
ancient china called it the mother river because of its size
if it weren't for the river many civilization would not exist today.
only 10% land is fertile reason because of mountains
crops grown on hills
wheat rice peanut potatoes corn barley tea apples cotton
300 million farmers
agriculture is major part of china
flooding
1931 biggest flood estimated killed 1 to 4 million
geography
china built along 2 main rivers
Yangtze and yellow rivers
difficult to farm
stretches across china over 2900 miles.
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