US Homefront:
Homefront is what your doing at home.
1. Selective Training and Service Act-
-Passed in 1940
-First peace time draft in US history
-Used until 1973 to fill military needs
-After 1973, US military depended on volunteers to fill needs.
2. Women's role in WWII
-Rosie the Riveter- represented the women in WWII
-women worked in factories to help make supplies for the war
-women also became nurses for the war. many of them met their husbands during war.
-many propaganda posters were displayed to help convince women to join the war
-WAVES- Women's Navy- women would be secretaries and making phone calls
-each military brach had different jobs for women
-WASP- Womens army service pilots
-Iva Toguri (tokyo rose)-
-was forced to broadcast propaganda to the allied troops for japan
-she was a US citizen in Japan that taunted the troops and played music from home.
-she was later convicted of treason
3. African-American's role in WWII-
-served as pilots or flyboys
-they made things in the factories
-they bombed enemies
-and fought in the front line
4. Asian's role in WWII-
-same as african americans
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
-entertained troops by making propaganda for the war
-sent people overseas to entertain troops
-made WWII movies
6. Office of Price Administration
-THe office of price administration was est in 1941 to administer price controls
-8000 rationing boards were created with 200,000 volunteers to assist the 60,000 employees of the agency
-food rationing included restrictions on suger and meat. clothing rationing restricted silk and nylon
-by the end of 1942, half of the nations automobiles were issed an A sticker allowing 4 gallons per week
-gasoline rationing began in may 1942 on the East coast, limiting use to 5 gallons per week/
-the other half of automobils had either a B or C sticker (war workers and vital occupations such as doctors)
-truckers had a T sticker for unlimited
-a black market developed in stolen or counterfeit stickers that were used in 5-30% OF GASOLINE sales
-by 1945 there were 32,500 people arrested for using false stickers
-4000 gas stations closed
7. War Production Board
-all about production and was created to make sure factories were making as much as they could
8. National War Labor Board
-brought all of the war workers together so they dont go on strike
-their motto was "Together we win"
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
-build faster and more manuverable ships
-US navy radio operators tried to intercept German radio trasmissions
-if you itercept it, you can figure out where German's U-boats are
-Convoy System- many ships moving at once (mechant ships surrounded by destroyers)
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
-Chuchill and Roosevelt knew about the importance of intelligence gathering
-the US and GB shared information
-RADAR provided meants of detecting vessels and aircraft above the surface
-HF/DF (Huff-Duff)- used to lcate the sources of enemy radio transmissions such as submarines
-ULTRA and MAGIC- code breaking secrets\
-ULTRA was GB
-and MAGIC was US
-these gave us the advantage of knowing what the enemy was doing but they didnt know what we were doing
-Enigma- system in which Germany trasferred their information through codes
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
-Lebensraum
-Hitlers invasion of the Soviet Union
-he wanted Ukrainefor the farmland
-the defeat of the USSR would further isolate the Allies
-wanted the oilfields in the Caucasus mountains
-he didnt trust Stalin because there was propaganda saying Stalin was going to attack Germany
-it was the greatest land war in recorded history, began at 3:30 am on June 22,1941
-the main front would eventually expand to 1490 miles
-at one time, the Germans occupied some 900,000 miles of Soviet territory
-the German army in the USSR was split
- this battle was seen as Hitlers biggest mistake
-Battle of Moscow took place on october 1941
-Hitler had made taking over moscow a big accomplishment
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
-Erwin Rommel was known as the Desert Fox
-he is considered as the best german general
-he was later killed for planning to assasinate Hitler
-Operation Torch- the american invasion of French North Africa on November 8, 1942
-we were fighting the Germans, Italians, and the Vichy french
-by mid 1943 we had defeated them
-we invaded Morocco
-Casablanca Conference- we said that we would not make peace, we would only accept Germanys unconditional surrender
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley
George C. Marshall-
-Cheif of Staff of the US miliary during WWII
George Patten-
-he believed that if you can carry a weapon and be able to walk you can fight
Admiral Chester Nimitz-
-admiral of the US navy against Japan
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
-Allied invasion of Nazi controlled France
-The assault was conducted in two phases
-On june 6, 1944
-There were also decoy operations to distract the German forces from the real landing areas
-the operation was the largest amphibious invasion in world history with over 160,000 troops
-roughly 10,000 allied caualties (10,000 US)
-Dwight Eisenhower was America's main man
16. Battle of the Bulge
-last major offensive move by the Germans
-it was Germanys push through the front line
-the goal was to make a "bulge" in the front line
-over one million men involved
-it was one of the worst battles in American WWII history
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
-FDR dies on April 8th, 1945
-Truman is sworn in
18. VE Day
-May 8th 1945
-Victory in Europe- Nazi's Surrender
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
-Island Hopping- would attack major island toward Japan
-jumped from island to island on way to Japan
-it saves time, money, and lives
-defeated spain and Japan took over the Phillipieans in 1941
-Bataan Death March- 60 mile transfer of 75,000 american and filipino POWs toa POW camp
-many people died
-Japan was being tried for war crimes because of this
-Coral Sea-
-fought from may 4-8 1942
-major naval battle between Japan and allied naval forces from the US and Australia
-first battle in world history in which aircraft carries engaged each other
-Japan sunk more ships but, the allies stopped Japan from advancing
-Midway-
-widely regarded as the most important naval battle
-fought between june 4-7 1942
-the Japenese thought that if they took over midway, they would have control of the the Pacific Ocean
-the US defeated Japan and Japan never recovered from the heavy losses
-MAGIC played a vital role in the Allied victory
-major turing point in the war
Guadalcanal-
-fought between August 7-February 9, 1943
-victory of allies over Japan
-marked the transition by the allies from defensive to offensive which ultimatley led to Japan's surrender
-Iwo Jima-
-battle close to Japan
-where the famous flag raising took place
-Okinawa-
-extremely close to Japan
-we were bombing Japan a lot from this island
20. Navajo Code Talkers
-secret code that the US used
-only 30 people in the world knew how to speak this language
21. Doolittle's Raid
-James Doolittle was a famous pilot that led this attack\
-many people disagreed with this raid but FDR said they had to attack Japan as soon as possible
-took place in april of 1942
22. Manhattan Project
23. Hiroshima bombing
24. Nagasaki bombing
25. VJ Day
26. Yalta Conference
27. Nuremburg Trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
29. Why did the allies win WWII?
-Henry Kaiser built many ships and he owned many companies and hired women to help make ships for the war
-the United States was able to make for supplies than any other country which led to the allies winning WWII
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