Chapter Eight. Section 1.-Science and Urban Life.(1) Technology and City Life.In 1870, only 25 American cities had populations of 50,000 or rarely more. where as in 1890, about 58 cities could complete this chain, adding thiry three cities total. At the turning of the 20th century, every four out of ten Americans made their own homes in cities. because of the rapiodly increasing number of 'industrial' jobs. Because of all these changes, technoalogical advances started to meet our needs for communication, transportation, adn space. I guess how they started with all these, they began to build towards the sky.(2) SkyscrapersArchitectrs were allowed to build taller buildings due to two things: elevators were invented, and the development of internal steel skeletons to bear the weight of the buildings.(3) Electric TransitBecause skyscrapers were getting taller, the cities expanded their transportation systems. In 1888, Richmond, Virginia was the first city to electrify their urban transportation system.(4) Engineering and Urban Planning" Steel-cable suspension bridges", such as the Brooklyn Bridge, also brought cities and their sections clasoer together almost instantly. These bridges sometimes provided other recreational opportunites. The city planners wanted a more enviornmental and recreational areas, so landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted started to introduce the movement and planned and designed urban parks.(5) City PlanningWith such an explosive growth spurt for Chicago going from 30,000 population in 1850 to 300,000 population in 1870, it 'represented a nightmare of unregulated expansion'. Butt on the fortunate side, a local architect named Dniell Burnham was 'ingtrigued by the prospect of remakig the city.'
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