Dorian Period
Started to adapt to their environment and adopted a new form of government called a city state. A Polis was an area centered around a city. People would go to the central city to discuss stuff sorta like governments do today. Not all city states had the same for of government.
Four Forms of Government:
Monarchy - king rules all and royalty is passed down through generations of the family.
Aristocracy - ruled by nobility like knights and rich people.
Oligarchy - ruled by a small group of people. These people had money and controlled military.
Direct Democracy - ruled by citizens with majority votes and stuff.
Athens - turned into a democracy when aristocracy failed. It was pretty peaceful and liked art and civility.
People in Athens:
Draco - idea that everyone was equal, liked to kill people for doing bad things, and believed in debt slavery.
Solon - citizen shouldn't own another citizen, organized people based on money (4 social classes).
Cleisthenes - broke Athens into regions, said that citizens could propose laws for review, created council of 500 which proposed laws and was "randomly" picked.
Limited Democracy was created by the reforms.
Requirements for citizenship: free, adult, property owner, born in Athens.
Sparta - located in southern Greece and was separated from the rest of Greece
Government - assembly elected officials and voted on stuff, council of elders was 30 old guys that proposed laws, 5 elected people carried out the laws, 2 kings ruled over the military
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