September 3-7

[2Chloe]

Monday- No school

Tuesday- We did a review of last week. Presidents term is four years, and they must be 35 years old. They can serve for 10 years max, 2 terms and then filling in for their president when they are vice president. Frankin Rosevelt was president for 12 years, but was elected four times.  We talked about important powers of the Executive Branch Powers. Supreme Court has no qualifications, but most have been judges.  They can loose their job by death or quiting. Their job is to have the final say and they  can take other cases if people find them unfair (appeal case). US Constitution is a living document that protects states and people's rights with the ammendments.  It is the law of the land. 

Bill of Rights;

1. Freedom of religon, assemble, speech, press, ect.
2.  Right to Bear arms
3. no quartering
4. limits search and seizer (without warrant)
5. Double Jepardy
6. and others

People moved west, and the western border changed multiple times.  Manifest Destiny- right to move west. We talked about Louis and Clarks Journey. 

Texas War for Independence: (1835-1836) Causes- to many Americans in mexico. Results- Texas won and became indepdendent. Republic of Texas for about 10 years. This is when the Battle of the Alamo took place- Mexican's won. 

 Wednesday-  Mr. Bruns reviewed a little bit. 

Mexican- American War- We could not agree on a Mexico/American border.  We instigated this war. We gained alot of land, that we took from Mexico. We had a negative relationship with Mexico. 

Civil War- 

Biggest Causes: North and South were very opposite. All of this happened for decades.

1. Selectionalism
   1. North was industrial was farming (cotton, tobacco, indigo) Two sides grew completely apart and they were different
2. Slavery
   1. North did not need slaves (most anti-slavery) , while the South the rich owned many slaves (cheap labor)
3. Slave Rights
   1. They did not want a king (almost like their own little countries)
4. Tariffs
   1. Raise money on foreign goods to buy American products
   2. North made money but South lost money
5. Election of 1860 & Secession
   1. Abraham Lincoln was elected
      1. Get rid of slavery in new territories
      2. Keep slavery  is Southern territories

Missouri Compromise- (1820) Equal representation. Maine became a free state, while Missouri became a slave state. Drew a 'line' for a compromise. This lasted for thirty years. 

Compromise of 1850- California wanted to be a free state.  South got a vote and a fugitive slave law (North can capture a slave to free it and South can go back and capture it)

Dred Scott Decision- (1857) A slave who sued for his freedom, and went to supreme court.  Government could not abolish slavery (huge victory for South). Slavery could be open anywhere. Some slave states stayed in the union.  

The North has more resources. Many Northerns did not care about Slavery, and did not know what they were fighting for. The South had a reason for fighting. North won because of their population. 

Thursday-

Reconstruction- (1865-877)  Period of time after the war when the South had to be rebuilt and brought back into the Union.  Presidents Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy on the South.  Lincoln wanted to be soft on the South, and did not belive that they were a seperate country.  It left very deep devisons between Northern States and Southern States.  Once Northern Goverments/ Military left the South white, rich, tradional, white males took back over. Jim Crow laes and segrregtion was established. African Americans would not see the rights they should have had in 1865 until 1964. 

Republican Radical Reconstruction- South had to be rebuilt in many ways -Economically (we fought in the south), Economically (no slave), Soically (free african americans and many people died),  and Politically (the South hated the North and we had to write a new constitition).  The South was split into five military districts. Freedman's Bureau was designed to help free slaves- clothing, education, and job training. Southern government was taken over by Carpetbaggers (Northern born white Republicans eho moved South after the war) and Scalawags (Southern born white Republicans). Many Carpetbaggers won political offices or became rich buisnessmen.  Southerners belived Scalawags were betraying the South. These governments set up schools, raised taxes, built more railroads, helped ex-slaves, and industrialized the South. Governments were accused of widespread corruption by Southerners. 

Civil War Ammendments-

1. The 13th Ammendment-  made slavery unconstitutional and illegal
2. The 14th Ammendment- stated that states could not take away the rights of citizens  without due process of the law (made African Americans US citizens) 
3. The 15th Ammendment- Allowed all men to vote no matter their skin color.

Election of 1876- Rutherfod B. Hayes vs Samuel J. Tilden.  Tilden won the popular vote was was leading in Electoral vote. Four states (20 electoral votes each) had disputed results. The South compromised to help Hayes win to end Reconstruction, Tilden should have won.

End of Reconstruction- (1877) The Compromise of 1877 was an unwritten deal between Northern and Southern politicians that settled the heavily disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election. Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded the White House over Democrat Samuel J. Tilden. Hayes would then remove the federal troops from the South ending Reconstruction.