The temperance movement was a group of people who want to change many things in the economy. The temperance was made to ban alcohol. The 18th amendment banned the selling, transportation, and making it. It did allow you to drink it in your home and posses it in your home. She went into bars and took a hatchet and destroyed beer bottles. She said God came to her in a dream and told her to get rid of alcohol. WCTU the Woman's Christian Temperance Unit.
The muckrakers were journalists who would expose the problems in society like the hospitals. They were investigative journalists. The most famous muckraker was sinclair he wrote a book about immigrant life. He went to work in a meat packaging and realized what was getting put in the meat. The conditions were horrible. Ida Turbell was a leading women. She wrote an article about Standard Oil. She wrote in 1903 and it exposed John D. Rockerfeller for him being an awful person to his workers and to other businesses that were driven out of business. Lincoln Seffens wrote an article for McClure about the shame of the cities. He exposed all of the corruption of city governments. People who read it started to fight for change.
Women's suffrage was when women wanted the right to vote. The women wanted to do mare than just doing things around the house. They would go to cities and work in factories, they were given small jobs that made them upset. They tried to convince one state at a time to fight for women's suffrage. Wyoming was the first state to allow women's suffrage. Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Catie Stanton. They had a three step strategy: first, convince each state one by one.
Teddy Roosevelt was the 26th president of the U.S. He grew up in a rich family, but it was rough. He was scrawny until his father told him he had to bulk up. So he took up boxing and then in Harvard he took up rowing. He has a very good resume. Led 1 million men to war against Spain. After he was president we went to Africa to hunt for awhile, when he came back he missed politics and ran again for president. He was shot and continued to give and hour and half long speech.
Square deal was about conservation, control or corporations. Help middle class and attack the rich. TR believed people had a right to protest and he used argetraitor who went in to see which side is best. TR was the first president that supported Labor Unions.
Peer food and drug act it had to do with the harmful food that people had been consuming.
the meat packing company was very disgusting. There were rats, bugs, spit, just nasty stuff. They had to make sure the people and facilities were clean.
The Antiquities Act - Preservation of government owned parks ex. Badlands The newlands reclamation act was when the government funded for irrigation systems for the 20 western states.
TR did little to help the blacks in the south.
The gentlemen's agreement was an agreement between the U.S. and Japan.
FELA: Federal Employee Liability Act. It was when if you could prove you were hurt on the job the pay you (not as much if you were working)
William Taft was not a very good political leader, he upset many conservatives because they thought he would get rid of the things that TR had done. He became head justice of the supreme court. He never felt like he was the president but Roosevelt's shadow. The Payne-aldridge tariff was the raise and lower the tariff but the amendment kept them high. Taft wanted to lower the tariff to help common people. The progressives were upset with him when he didn't lower all of the tariff's.
Taft and breaking up trust. Taft had double the cases of breaking up trust. Taft broke up all trust because he thought they were all bad. TR only took out the very large trust that took out small businesses. Taft took out the standard oil company. The 16th Amendment said that the government could collect taxes. It set up a graduated income tax stating that the more you make the more you give. Taft did little to help Blacks. He kept blacks and whites separated with the Jim Crow Laws. During the first world war, they started to move away from the south, The Great Migration.
The 1912 Election - Democratic - Woodrow Wilson - stood for breaking up trust and monopolies, Direct election of senators, single terms, women's suffrage, independence for the Philippians. Republican - W. H. Taft - Improve postal service, breaking up trusts and monopolies, he's a loser. Bull Moose Party (Progessives) candidate - Teddy Roosevelt - Make people want to vote, minimum wage for women. Socialist Candidate - Eugene V. Debs - Direct election of president, Insurance, women's suffrage, 8 hour work day.
Woodrow Wilson's background - Born December 28, very strict up-bringing with religion and academics, he was a teacher, lawyer, doctor, he wrote a book, went to Princeton, President of Princeton, Governor of New Jersey. He wanted to maintain Neutrolity from WW1, He finished his term after a stroke but his wife, Edith, pretty much ran the everyday business of the government.
The Clayton Anti-trust Act. It ended monopolies. Prohibited exclusive sales contracts local price cutting to freeze out competitors, rebates, interlocking directorates, and intercorperate stock holdings, allowed Labor Unions were given the right to exist, strike, boycott, and picket.
The Federal Trade commission is still around today. It was created in 1917 to stop and slow down monopolies and trusts. The actually break up the trust and monopolies. They have to ok the merging or buying of other companies by companies.
the federal Farm Loan act it was a way to increase credit for farmers that were having money problems. It was a loan to farmers from the government to help with their farms.
Underwood Tariff was made to lower tariffs 20-40% to help middles-class Americans and farmers.
The federal reserve system - America needed stronger banks, dividedd the nation into 12 districts, it was the Bank's Bank, Federal Reserve banks could issue new paper money in emergency situations, give out loans, helps others from closing due to lack of money.
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